Gate Bias Switching in RF Power Amplifiers for Lower Idle Power

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Solution Overview

Problem

Power amplifiers in wireless communication systems suffer from high power consumption due to inefficient utilization of supply power in the medium-to-low power range, leading to significant waste, especially in idle states and when handling varying data volumes.

Innovation Solution

A power amplifier design that dynamically adjusts the gate bias voltage based on data volume, using a voltage adjusting circuit to optimize channel conduction width and reduce power consumption by switching between different voltage levels when data is present or absent, and adjusting voltage values for varying data loads.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If the power amplifier operates in the medium-to-low power range to handle varying data volumes, then the adaptability to different data conditions is improved, but the conversion utilization of supply power deteriorates, causing substantial power consumption waste

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveadaptability to varying data volumesVSAvoidpower consumption waste
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The power amplifier dynamically adjusts its operating state based on data presence detection. When data is detected, the amplifier transitions to an amplification state with optimized gate bias voltage for efficient power conversion. When no data is present, it transitions to an idle state with reduced gate bias voltage, minimizing power consumption. This dynamic state switching resolves the contradiction between maintaining adaptability to varying data volumes and reducing energy loss during idle periods.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes the gate bias voltage parameter based on operational conditions. During amplification, a first gate bias voltage is applied to optimize power conversion efficiency. During idle states, a second gate bias voltage (different from the first) is applied to reduce power consumption. This parameter adjustment strategy maintains adaptability while significantly reducing energy waste in medium-to-low power ranges.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Loss of energy

If an average power tracking circuit is incorporated to adjust drain direct current signal magnitude, then the conversion utilization of supply power is improved, but the control delay increases and control response becomes slow

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveconversion utilization of supply powerVSAvoidcontrol delay
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The invention implements preliminary action by detecting the presence or absence of data before power amplification is needed. The detection unit proactively identifies data conditions and triggers appropriate gate bias voltage adjustments in advance, eliminating the control delay associated with feedback-based average power tracking circuits. This preliminary detection mechanism enables rapid response while maintaining improved conversion utilization.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The invention replaces the complex feedback control mechanism of average power tracking circuits with a simpler detection-based control approach. Instead of using continuous feedback loops that introduce delay, the system uses direct data presence detection coupled with predetermined gate bias voltage selections, substituting a slower feedback-based mechanical control system with a faster detection-based control mechanism.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Loss of energy

If the gate bias voltage is optimized for high power conversion efficiency, then the conversion utilization of supply power is improved, but the power amplifier cannot handle varying data volumes effectively

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveconversion utilization of supply powerVSAvoidability to handle varying data volumes
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The invention segments the operational conditions into distinct states: amplification state (when data is present) and idle state (when no data is present). Each state has its own optimized gate bias voltage setting. This segmentation allows the system to achieve high conversion utilization in the amplification state while maintaining adaptability to varying data volumes through appropriate state transitions, resolving the contradiction between optimization for efficiency and versatility.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The power amplifier is designed with multi-functionality to handle both amplification operations and idle states efficiently. By incorporating data presence detection and dynamic gate bias voltage adjustment, the single amplifier circuit achieves universal performance across different operational conditions, maintaining high conversion utilization whether processing data or in idle state, thus reconciling efficiency optimization with adaptability to varying data volumes.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Data Source

PatentEP4730649A1Power amplifier, control method, radio frequency processing system, and signal transmitting device
Publication Date: 2026.04.22 HUAWEI TECH CO LTD
  • EP4730649A1 patent drawingFigure 1~3
  • EP4730649A1 patent drawingFigure 4~6
  • EP4730649A1 patent drawingFigure 7~8

AI summary

This application provides a power amplifier, a control method, a radio frequency processing system, and a signal transmission apparatus, used in the field of wireless communication technologies. The power amplifier includes a gate bias circuit, a drain bias circuit, and a power transistor. The gate bias circuit includes a first power supply interface and a second power supply interface. A specific voltage difference exists between a first voltage signal received by an input end of the first power supply interface and a second voltage signal received by an input end of the second power supply interface. A gate of the power transistor is configured to receive a radio frequency signal, and the radio frequency signal carries a plurality of signal slice symbols. When a first signal slice symbol carries valid data, the gate of the power transistor is coupled to an output end of the first power supply interface. When the first signal slice symbol carries no valid data or no radio frequency signal is received, the gate of the power transistor is coupled to an output end of the second power supply interface. In this application, a gate bias voltage signal is adjusted based on a data volume, thereby greatly reducing a waste of power consumption of the power amplifier.