RF Receiver Noise Power Calibration Method

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Solution Overview

Problem

Modern wireless receivers face challenges in accurate calibration, particularly in achieving consistent gain and frequency response across varying conditions, due to the high costs and limitations of traditional calibration methods such as frequency-sweeping inputs and on-chip local oscillator signals, which can be expensive and less robust.

Innovation Solution

A method that predicts noise power at the input and output of an RF receiver to dynamically calibrate frequency and gain without additional hardware, using noise power analysis to determine calibration values, allowing for calibration during normal operation even when signal strength is below the noise floor.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If frequency-sweeping input tone is used for calibration, then gain and band tuning information can be obtained, but calibration cost becomes very expensive

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegain and band tuning informationVSAvoidcalibration cost
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The receiver uses its own internal noise sources to perform self-calibration, eliminating the need for external frequency-sweeping test equipment. The system measures its own noise power at different frequencies and uses this information to determine gain and band tuning characteristics autonomously.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

Instead of using expensive external test signals, the invention creates an internal model by measuring the receiver's own noise output characteristics. This copied noise-based approach provides the necessary calibration information without requiring external test equipment.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

2Ease of manufacture

If on-chip local oscillator signal is used for calibration, then calibration can be performed without external equipment, but calibration robustness decreases due to local oscillator power changes

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecalibration equipment requirementVSAvoidcalibration robustness
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The invention measures the actual noise power output of the receiver across different frequencies and uses this measured data to determine calibration parameters. This copied approach based on actual measurements is more robust than relying on theoretical local oscillator power levels, which can vary with temperature and other conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

3Adaptability or versatility

If dedicated calibration structures are included in integrated circuits, then calibration functionality is provided, but die area and design resources increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecalibration functionalityVSAvoiddie area
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSArea of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The invention uses the existing receiver components (noise sources, amplifiers, frequency synthesizers) for dual purposes: normal signal reception and self-calibration. By making the calibration function universal and integrated into existing structures, no additional dedicated calibration hardware is required.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The receiver performs its own calibration using internally generated noise and existing measurement capabilities, eliminating the need for separate calibration circuits or structures. The system serves its own calibration needs through software-controlled measurement and adjustment.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

4Adaptability or versatility

If narrowband response is implemented, then frequency selectivity is improved, but calibration accuracy becomes more critical and difficult to achieve

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefrequency selectivityVSAvoidcalibration accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The invention measures the actual frequency response by analyzing noise power across different frequency bands and uses this measured data to accurately determine calibration parameters. This empirical approach based on actual measurements provides the precision needed for narrowband applications.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enables accurate and cost-effective calibration of RF receivers, ensuring optimal performance across temperature and performance corners without the need for extra hardware, reducing design complexities and test costs.

Implementation Method 1

a frequency and gain calibration method which uses noise power

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal noise:

Data Source

PatentEP2289180B1Calibration using noise power
Publication Date: 2017.12.20 QUALCOMM INC
  • EP2289180B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2289180B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2289180B1 patent drawingFigure 3A~3B

AI summary

A method calibrates a spread spectrum receiver having a received signal strength below a noise floor. The method includes estimating an input noise power, and measuring a noise power output from the receiver. The method also includes comparing the estimated input noise power with the measured output noise power to determine at least one calibration value. The method further includes calibrating the receiver based upon the at least one calibration value.