RF Transceiver Sleep Mode for Passenger Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing 'Be-in-be-out' ticket collection systems for public transportation face challenges in efficiently detecting passenger presence with high data security and minimal design effort, particularly in ensuring continuous detection without frequent power supply and interference.
Innovation Solution
A method utilizing RF transceivers with customer media equipped with energy storage and switching circuits, enabling autonomous operation through HF pulses, and implementing a 'challenge-response' method for session ID calculation with encryption and mutual authentication for secure data communication, along with multiple antennas for long-range and short-range data transmission.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If customer media are continuously active for detection, then detection reliability is improved, but energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The customer medium alternates between active detection mode and sleep mode in periodic cycles. During active periods, the medium communicates with reading devices for presence detection. During sleep periods, the medium conserves energy by reducing operational activity. This periodic activation resolves the contradiction by achieving detection reliability through regular monitoring while limiting energy consumption through controlled idle periods.
Solution Approach 2:
The customer medium autonomously manages its own power consumption by implementing internal sleep wake-up mechanisms. The medium can independently transition between active and sleep states based on detection requirements, without requiring external power management. This self-service approach enables the medium to balance detection reliability with energy conservation autonomously.
2Reliability
If customer media operate autonomously with own power supply, then detection continuity is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple functions into the customer medium: presence detection, autonomous power management, sleep-wake cycle control, and communication protocols are integrated into a single device. This merging reduces overall system complexity while maintaining detection continuity, as the customer medium becomes a self-contained unit that handles all these functions internally without requiring separate external components for each function.
3Use of energy by moving object
If HF pulses are used for energy transfer, then power supply efficiency is improved, but electromagnetic interference increases
Solution Approach 1:
Energy transfer via HF pulses occurs in periodic bursts rather than continuous transmission. The reading device sends energy pulses at specific intervals when the customer medium needs power, rather than maintaining constant electromagnetic fields. This periodic energy transfer improves power supply efficiency by delivering energy only when needed while reducing electromagnetic interference by minimizing the duration and frequency of HF emissions.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Ensures continuous, secure, and efficient detection of passenger presence with reduced power consumption and interference resistance, allowing for accurate tracking of passenger presence and route duration with high reliability.
Implementation Method 1
the customer medium features a capacitor for storing energy and a corresponding switching circuit
Implementation Method 2
the person is assigned to a customer medium, which includes an RF transceiver
Implementation Method 3
the customer medium is designed in such a manner that it is charged with energy via an HF pulse, which is emitted from at least one reading device
Data Source
AI summary
A method for continuous determination of a person's presence in a public transport conveyance is proposed, where a customer medium comprising an RF transceiver is assigned to the person, where at least one reading device per passenger compartment or car is provided for data communication with the customer media in the conveyance, which is connected to a computer serving as an on-board unit for the purpose of data communications, where these are also connected to each other in the case that several reading devices are provided, where an on-board unit serving as the main on-board unit is assigned to a passenger compartment or car if several passenger compartments or cars are present, and the other passenger compartments or cars are assigned to on-board units serving as secondary on-board units, which are connected to the main on-board unit for the purpose of data communication, where the customer medium is in a “sleep” mode upon entering the transport in order to keep energy consumption as low as possible.