RFID-Based Localization and Mapping for Mobile Robots
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing RFID-based positioning techniques for mobile robots require multiple RFID tags and are cumbersome, making them impractical for indoor environments with complex layouts.
Innovation Solution
A method and apparatus that utilize a single RFID tag as a coordinate origin, allowing a mobile device to traverse an area, calculate obstacle coordinates, and construct a map, with optional use of multiple tags for unique positioning and area coding to distinguish accessible and no-entry areas, simplifying the process and reducing the number of required tags.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If multiple RFID tags are used for positioning, then positioning accuracy is improved, but device complexity and operational burden increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the positioning function by using a single RFID tag as a coordinate origin, dividing the mapping task into relative position calculations from this origin point, thereby achieving accurate positioning without requiring multiple tags
Solution Approach 2:
The single RFID tag serves multiple functions: it acts as both the coordinate origin and provides positioning reference for the entire area, eliminating the need for multiple specialized tags while maintaining positioning accuracy
2Area of stationary object
If multiple RFID tags are deployed, then coverage area is improved, but ease of operation deteriorates due to cumbersome tag management
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the coordinate origin function from a network of multiple tags and concentrates it in a single RFID tag, simplifying tag management while maintaining the ability to cover and map the entire traversal area through relative position calculations
3Adaptability or versatility
If traditional SLAM methods are used in unknown environments, then adaptability to unknown environments is improved, but device complexity increases due to sensor requirements and computational burden
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces RFID tags as intermediary reference points in the unknown environment, allowing the mobile device to establish a coordinate system and map the environment through relative position calculations, thereby reducing the need for complex sensor fusion and computational algorithms
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a simplified digital copy of the physical environment by recording relative positions of RFID tags and obstacles, enabling efficient mapping and navigation without requiring complex real-time sensor processing
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables efficient and accurate localization and mapping with reduced complexity and cost, allowing for real-time mapping and navigation in indoor environments with improved adaptability and precision.
Implementation Method 1
RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) radio frequency identification is a non-contact automatic identification technology, which identifies a target object automatically and acquires related data through radio frequency signal
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention discloses a method and an apparatus for localization and mapping based on RFID, applicable for real-time mapping of an area to be localized in which at least one RFID tag is arranged, the method comprises: taking a location of a first RFID tag as a coordinate origin of a coordinate system when information of the first RFID tag is obtained by a mobile electronic device which is moving along a certain trajectory for a first time; moving the mobile electronic device with the coordinate origin as a starting point to traverse the entire area to be localized, calculating coordinates of an obstacle based on a location of the mobile electronic device when the mobile electronic device detects the obstacle; constructing a map based on the recorded information and coordinates of the RFID tags and coordinates of each obstacle when the traversal has been finished.