RFID Portal System Dynamic Power Control for Read Range Accuracy

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Solution Overview

Problem

In RFID systems, the mixed environment of short range and long range tags leads to over-range issues where long range tags are unintentionally read beyond the intended portal, causing errant tracking, and reducing reader transmit power to address this results in either over-range or failed reads, especially when small tags with lower read ranges are not readable.

Innovation Solution

The system selectively reads RFID tags by programming each tag with an identifier associated with its operating range and using a processor-controlled RFID reader to transmit specific interrogation signals, allowing only tags within the intended range to respond and be read, distinguishing between short range and long range tags.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If the RFID reader transmit power is reduced to limit the read range to the doorway, then long range tags beyond the portal are not unintentionally read, but short range tags with lower read range are not able to be read

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveread range accuracyVSAvoidtag read reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The RFID reader dynamically adjusts its transmit power level based on the detected tag type. When a short range tag is detected, the reader uses a first power level optimized for those tags. When a long range tag is detected, the reader switches to a second power level appropriate for those tags. This dynamic adaptation resolves the contradiction by allowing the system to maintain both accurate range limitation and reliable tag reads across different tag types.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The system changes the transmit power parameter based on the identified tag type. The RFID reader detects whether a short range or long range tag is present and accordingly modifies the power level parameter to match the specific requirements of that tag type, enabling reliable communication while maintaining precise control over the effective read range.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Reliability

If the RFID reader uses higher transmit power to ensure short range tags are readable, then all tags can be read, but long range tags beyond the portal are unintentionally read causing errant tracking

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetag read reliabilityVSAvoidread range accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The RFID reader dynamically adjusts its transmit power level based on the detected tag type. When a short range tag is detected, the reader uses a first power level optimized for those tags. When a long range tag is detected, the reader switches to a second power level appropriate for those tags. This dynamic adaptation resolves the contradiction by allowing the system to maintain both accurate range limitation and reliable tag reads across different tag types.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The system changes the transmit power parameter based on the identified tag type. The RFID reader detects whether a short range or long range tag is present and accordingly modifies the power level parameter to match the specific requirements of that tag type, enabling reliable communication while maintaining precise control over the effective read range.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Measurement precision

If complex antenna systems are used to focus the RF field and restrict read range, then read range can be limited to a specific area, but deployment cost increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveread range controlVSAvoidantenna system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical/physical approach of using complex antenna systems to control read range with an electronic/software-based approach. The RFID reader uses tag type detection and dynamic power level adjustment to achieve precise read range control, substituting the need for complex physical antenna configurations with a more economical electronic control mechanism.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach ensures accurate tracking by preventing the reading of tags outside the intended portal range, maintaining reliable reads for both short and long range tags without increasing reader complexity or cost, while optimizing transmit power settings for each type of tag.

Implementation Method 1

Due to the physics behind the electromagnetic radiation and the interaction of antenna configuration of the RFID tag

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic radiation: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 2

Due to the physics behind the electromagnetic radiation and the interaction of antenna configuration of the RFID tag

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic induction: Electromagnetic Induction

Data Source

PatentEP2471021B1RFID portal system with RFID tags having various read ranges
Publication Date: 2014.11.05 TYCO FIRE & SECURITY GMBH
  • EP2471021B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2471021B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2471021B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A system and method selectively reads radio frequency identification ("RFID") tags within an RFID interrogation zone. A portion of the RFID tags have a first operating range and a portion of the RFID tags have a second operating range that is different from the first operating range. Each RFID tag is programmed with an identifier associated with the operating range of the RFID tag. A first interrogation signal is transmitted which has sufficient power to activate RFID tags that are located within the RFID interrogation zone and have the first operating range. A response signal is received from each RFID tag capable of receiving the first interrogation signal. Each response signal indicates the identifier of the associated RFID tag. Each RFID tag that has an identifier associated with the first operating range is selected.