RFID Reader with Software Radio in Lighting Fixtures

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current RFID infrastructure requires numerous antennas and RF cables, leading to high costs, immobility, and difficulty in upgrading, while also overloading data networks with high data rates from RFID tag readings.

Innovation Solution

An RFID reader with a software radio that uses existing electrical systems, integrated into light fixtures, employing a microprocessor, non-standard communications protocol, and omnidirectional antennas to transmit and receive RFID data wirelessly, reducing the need for Power over Ethernet and wired connections.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If fixed RFID infrastructure with numerous antennas and RF cables is used, then uniform RF illumination on all tags is achieved, but installation cost and device complexity increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveuniform RF illuminationVSAvoidnumber of antennas and cables
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines multiple RFID antenna elements into a single integrated reader unit with a software-defined radio. This consolidation merges the functions of multiple separate antennas and cables into one device, reducing installation complexity while maintaining the ability to provide uniform RF illumination through software-controlled beamforming and signal distribution.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The integrated RFID reader employs a software-defined radio that can operate across multiple frequencies and protocols, making it a universal device capable of replacing multiple specialized antennas. The software radio can be reconfigured to serve different RFID standards and frequency bands, eliminating the need for separate hardware for each protocol.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Ease of manufacture

If Power over Ethernet modules are used, then RF cable installation cost is reduced, but Ethernet cable drops and power installation requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveRF cable installation costVSAvoidEthernet cable and power installation
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The integrated reader utilizes Power over Ethernet (PoE) capability to combine power delivery and data communication through a single Ethernet infrastructure. This multi-functional approach eliminates separate power wiring requirements, allowing the device to be powered and configured through standard Ethernet cables already present in the network infrastructure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The system leverages the existing Ethernet network infrastructure to provide both power and data communication automatically. The PoE module detects and negotiates power requirements with the network switch, enabling the reader to self-configure and self-power without manual electrical installation or additional wiring.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

3Productivity

If RFID readers are connected to data servers, then tag reading capability is achieved, but data networks become overloaded with high data rates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetag reading capabilityVSAvoiddata network bandwidth consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the data collection and processing functions by implementing local aggregation and filtering at the reader level before transmitting data to the server. The software-defined radio processes and pre-sorts tag readings locally, transmitting only relevant aggregated data rather than raw high-volume streams, thereby reducing network bandwidth consumption while maintaining full tag reading capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

4Adaptability or versatility

If standard lighting fixtures are replaced with RFID-enabled fixtures, then RFID functionality is added, but electrical power consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveRFID functionalityVSAvoidelectrical power consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent integrates RFID reader functionality into standard lighting fixtures, creating a multi-functional device that provides both illumination and RFID services through a single unit. This consolidation allows the fixture to share its electrical power supply between lighting and RFID operations, eliminating the need for separate power infrastructure and reducing total energy consumption compared to independent RFID installations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution reduces electrical power consumption, eliminates the need for extensive cabling, allows for easy relocation and upgrading, and prevents data overload on WiFi networks by using existing light fixtures to power and communicate RFID data.

Implementation Method 1

one or more than one antenna for transmitting and receiving RFID data

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic radiation: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 2

a light source

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectroluminescence: Electroluminescence

Implementation Method 3

a heat removal means

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal conduction: Conduction (thermal)

Data Source

PatentEP3286990B1A combination light, RFID and software radio assembly to replace standard or existing lighting with RFID enabled lighting
Publication Date: 2019.09.25 ARMSTRONG JOHN
  • EP3286990B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3286990B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP3286990B1 patent drawingFigure 4

AI summary

An RFID reader (500) with a software radio that is aesthetically pleasing and powered using existing electrical systems comprising a component housing (102), a microprocessor (106), a communications protocol IC (108), an RFID interrogator integrated circuit (112), a power source (104), a light source (908), a heat removal means (114) and one or more than one antenna (110) connected to the microprocessor for communicating RDIF data and control data over a non-standard protocol.