RFID-Embedded Tire Structure Using an Artificial Magnetic Conductor
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Solution Overview
Problem
Pneumatic tires with embedded RFID transponders face degraded communication performance due to phase inversion of radio waves when metal tire components are present, leading to counteracting waves that reduce communication efficiency.
Innovation Solution
A composite sheet acting as an artificial magnetic conductor is placed on the inner side of the transponder, adjusting the reflection phase of electromagnetic waves to the same phase, ensuring that the front and back waves reinforce each other, and is positioned between the transponder and metal tire components to enhance communication performance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a transponder is embedded in a pneumatic tire with metal tire components, then the transponder can provide identification and communication functions, but the communication performance is degraded due to phase inversion of radio waves reflected by metal components
Solution Approach 1:
A composite sheet functioning as an artificial magnetic conductor is introduced as an intermediary between the transponder and metal tire components. This composite sheet adjusts the reflection phase of electromagnetic waves, converting the harmful phase-inverted back wave into a constructive wave that reinforces the front wave, thereby improving communication performance without removing the metal components
Solution Approach 2:
The composite sheet changes the electromagnetic parameters (reflection phase) of the radio waves by using a specific structure with conductors periodically disposed on a dielectric substrate. This parameter change transforms the phase relationship between front and back waves from destructive interference to constructive interference, enhancing communication effectiveness
2Reliability
If a composite sheet is added to improve transponder communication, then communication distance is extended, but the structural complexity of the tire increases
Solution Approach 1:
The composite sheet is implemented as a thin, flexible structure that can be integrated into the tire's existing layered construction. The sheet comprises a dielectric substrate with conductors disposed thereon, forming a compact artificial magnetic conductor that does not significantly increase the overall tire thickness or structural complexity while effectively improving communication performance
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration extends the communication distance of the transponder while maintaining tire durability by preventing wave phase inversion and ensuring effective radio wave transmission.
Implementation Method 1
The artificial magnetic conductor typically adjusts the reflection phase of the electromagnetic wave inverted (rotated by 180°) on the conductor to the same phase
Implementation Method 2
the phases of the reflected back wave Wc and the front wave Wa are opposite, and thus the front wave Wa and the back wave Wc counteract each other
Implementation Method 3
a composite sheet that includes a dielectric forming a substrate and a conductor periodically disposed on the dielectric and functions as an artificial magnetic conductor
Data Source
AI summary
In a pneumatic tire including a tread portion extending in a tire circumferential direction and having an annular shape, a pair of sidewall portions respectively disposed on both sides of the tread portion, a pair of bead portions each disposed on an inner side of the pair of sidewall portions in a tire radial direction, and a transponder embedded, a composite sheet that includes a dielectric forming a substrate and a conductor periodically disposed on the dielectric and functions as an artificial magnetic conductor is disposed on an inner side in a tire width direction of the transponder.