RGBW OLED Sub-Pixel Layout for Luminance and Power
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Solution Overview
Problem
OLED display devices with RGB pixel structure face challenges in displaying high-luminance white images with high contrast due to low light transmittance, leading to increased power consumption and reduced sub-pixel unit lifetime, especially for the white sub-pixel units.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of an OLED display device with a RGBW pixel structure, where a sub-pixel unit for displaying white is placed between two adjacent pixel units, occupying a larger area, and its luminance replaces that of one or both adjacent pixel units in specific frames or under certain conditions, thereby enhancing luminance and reducing power consumption.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If a color filter method is used to display white light, then full color display is achieved, but light transmittance is low and power consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The pixel structure is segmented into multiple sub-pixel units displaying different colors (red, green, blue, white). By dividing the pixel into distinct color-emitting sub-pixels, the device can selectively emit white light through dedicated white sub-pixels rather than filtering other colors, thereby improving light transmittance and reducing energy loss.
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the pixel array are assigned different functions: some sub-pixel units display red, green, or blue colors while others display white. This local differentiation allows the white sub-pixel units to emit light directly without filtering, achieving high transmittance in specific regions while maintaining full color display capability overall.
2Illumination intensity
If RGBW pixel structure is used to enhance luminance, then light transmittance is improved, but lifetime of white sub-pixel units is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
Adjacent pixel units are merged into pixel unit groups that share common white sub-pixel units. The white sub-pixel units serve multiple pixel units simultaneously, distributing the luminance demand across shared resources. This reduces the continuous operation burden on individual white sub-pixels, thereby extending their lifetime while maintaining high luminance output.
Solution Approach 2:
The driving method employs periodic control where white sub-pixel units are activated in alternating frames rather than continuously. By timing the activation of white sub-pixels to coincide with specific frame periods and utilizing the shared structure, the device achieves high luminance when needed while providing rest periods that extend the operational lifetime of the white sub-pixel units.
3Illumination intensity
If white sub-pixel units constantly emit light to maintain high luminance, then display brightness is improved, but power consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
Multiple pixel units share common white sub-pixel units, consolidating the luminance generation function. Instead of each pixel unit having dedicated white sub-pixels that constantly emit light, the shared white sub-pixels serve multiple units, reducing redundant light emission and lowering overall power consumption while maintaining display brightness.
Solution Approach 2:
The white sub-pixel units are activated periodically in alternating frames rather than continuously. This periodic activation strategy maintains high display brightness during active frames while reducing power consumption during inactive frames, achieving an optimal balance between brightness and energy usage.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration increases the aperture ratio of the white sub-pixel unit, reducing its driving current and power consumption, while ensuring overall display luminance and extending the lifetime of the OLED display device.
Implementation Method 1
The OLED display device implements light emission by exciting the organic material in the luminescent layer to emit light through the recombination of electrons in the cathode and holes in the anode in the luminescent layer
Data Source
AI summary
An organic electroluminescent display device, a driving method thereof and a display device are provided. The organic electroluminescent display device comprises: a plurality of pixel units arranged in matrix, each of the pixel units comprising a plurality of sub-pixel units for displaying different colors, and in each row of the pixel units, two adjacent pixel units constituting a pixel unit group; and a sub-pixel unit for displaying white between the two adjacent pixel units in each pixel unit group. The area occupied by the sub-pixel unit for displaying white is greater than that occupied by any one sub-pixel unit in the pixel unit. The sub-pixel unit for displaying white is configured such that the luminance of emitted light thereof replaces the luminance of light emitted by one pixel unit of two adjacent pixel units in a frame according to a preset condition.