Soluble Antigenic Extract from Rhodococcus equi Membranes
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current medical prophylactic means for Rhodococcus equi infections in mammals, particularly foals, are inefficient, and existing vaccines often cause adverse reactions or provide limited protection, necessitating a more effective and tolerable vaccine solution.
Innovation Solution
A method for preparing a soluble antigenic extract from Rhodococcus equi bacteria using a nonionic detergent like polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester to solubilize membranes, combined with an adjuvant such as nanoparticulate or oil-in-water emulsion to enhance immunity, is developed.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional vaccines or medical prophylactic means are used for Rhodococcus equi infections, then some level of protection is provided, but the vaccines cause adverse reactions or provide limited protection
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts specific membrane antigens from Rhodococcus equi bacteria using a nonionic detergent (polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester) to create a soluble antigenic extract. This extraction process isolates specific protective antigens while removing harmful components, thereby providing effective protection with reduced adverse reactions. The membrane antigens are selectively extracted and used in the vaccine composition.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the chemical parameters of the extraction process by using a nonionic detergent instead of conventional detergents. This parameter change (using polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester with specific molecular weight and hydrophobicity) allows for the solubilization of membrane antigens while minimizing the formation of harmful byproducts and reducing adverse reactions in vaccinated animals.
2Reliability
If antibiotic treatments are applied to treat Rhodococcus equi infections, then infections can be treated, but the treatments are costly and often applied too late to save the foals
Solution Approach 1:
The patent develops a vaccine that provides preliminary protection against Rhodococcus equi infections. By administering the vaccine containing soluble membrane antigens before infection occurs, the immune system is primed to respond rapidly and effectively upon exposure to the bacterium. This preliminary immunization eliminates the need for late-stage antibiotic intervention and can prevent infection before clinical signs appear.
3Ease of operation
If the disease is allowed to develop insidiously, then clinical signs appear only when pulmonary lesions are already advanced, but this means prevention is difficult and treatment is late
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs the feedback mechanism by inducing active immunity through the vaccine, which trains the animal's immune system to recognize and respond to Rhodococcus equi antigens. The soluble membrane antigens in the vaccine serve as feedback signals that prime the immune system, enabling early detection and rapid response before the insidious disease progression leads to advanced pulmonary lesions.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The method produces a vaccine that induces sustainable immunity with fewer adverse reactions and improved passive protection, effectively preventing Rhodococcus equi infections in foals and other mammals.
Implementation Method 1
comprising a step to solubilize the membranes of said bacteria by contacting these bacteria with an extraction solution containing a nonionic detergent of polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester type
Data Source
AI summary
A method for preparing a soluble antigenic extract from Rhodococcus equi is disclosed. The method includes a step of solubilizing membranes of said bacteria by contacting said bacteria with an extraction solution containing a nonionic detergent of sorbitan polyethylene fatty acid ester type. Also disclosed is a soluble antigenic extract obtainable by said preparation method, said extract including membrane antigens of Rhodococcus equi dissolved in the extraction solution. Finally, a composition including the soluble antigenic extract as a medicine is disclosed, including preferably a nanoparticulate or oil-in-water emulsion type adjuvant, and the use of the soluble antigenic extract for preparing a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating a Rhodococcus equi-induced infection in an animal.