Collective Perception Messaging for Road Space Occupancy
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITS) face challenges in providing a comprehensive and efficient global perception of road situations due to bandwidth constraints and the need for analyzing numerous independent perception messages, which can be time-consuming and incomplete, especially when relying on Collective Perception Messages (CPMs) that do not convey information on all perceived objects or free spaces.
Innovation Solution
Introduce a new type of object in CPMs to signal specific road topology areas, such as road sections or merging zones, along with their occupancy and congestion status, allowing for a hierarchical reporting of global road information, including space containers with identifiers and confidence levels, enabling quicker and more comprehensive situational awareness for receiving stations.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If CPMs transmit detailed information on all perceived objects and free spaces, then measurement precision is improved, but bandwidth constraints are exceeded and message size increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and transmits only the most relevant perceived objects and free spaces that are important for road safety and traffic efficiency, rather than transmitting all perceived data. This selective extraction reduces message size while maintaining essential perception accuracy for critical road situations.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies different transmission qualities to different perceived objects based on their relevance to road safety. Critical objects (e.g., pedestrians, vehicles in blind zones) are transmitted with high detail, while less critical objects use reduced detail, optimizing bandwidth usage while maintaining necessary measurement precision for safety-critical elements.
2Loss of time
If CPMs are sent frequently to provide real-time road situation updates, then information freshness is improved, but bandwidth consumption increases and bandwidth constraints are exceeded
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements periodic CPM transmission with adaptive intervals based on road situation dynamics. In stable conditions, transmission intervals are extended to reduce bandwidth consumption, while in dynamic or hazardous situations, the frequency increases to maintain information freshness, optimizing the trade-off between timeliness and bandwidth usage.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent dynamically adjusts CPM transmission frequency based on real-time road situation assessment. When perception data shows significant changes or hazardous conditions, transmission frequency increases automatically, while stable conditions trigger reduced frequency, maintaining information freshness adaptively without excessive bandwidth consumption.
3Loss of information
If receiving stations analyze all received CPMs to build global perception, then perception completeness is improved, but processing time increases and productivity decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and prioritizes transmission of critical perception data elements that are most important for global road situation understanding. By focusing on essential objects and free spaces rather than all perceived data, receiving stations can build accurate global perception faster, improving processing speed while maintaining perception completeness for safety-critical elements.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments perception information into hierarchical levels (e.g., critical safety objects, important contextual objects, supplementary information). Receiving stations can process and act on critical segments immediately while optionally processing lower-priority segments, enabling faster decision-making while maintaining option for complete perception analysis when resources allow.
Data Source
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AI summary
The present invention regards Cooperative Intelligent Transportation Systems, C-ITS. It describes a method of communication in an Intelligent Transport System, ITS, comprising, at an originating ITS station reporting in a collective perception message an element describing a space representing a specific area of a road topology.