Robotic Arm Fault Isolation for Graceful Degradation Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Robotic systems with multiple arms face challenges in handling faults, as existing methods either require costly redundancy or preventive maintenance, and often shut down entirely upon fault detection, failing to differentiate between system and local faults, which can lead to unnecessary system-wide shutdowns.

Innovation Solution

A method and system for fault reaction, isolation, and graceful degradation, where faults in robotic arms are detected, isolated, and managed by placing failed arms into a safe state, with a supervisor processor determining whether the fault is system or local, and only affecting non-failed arms if it's a system fault, allowing for continued operation in a degraded state if safe.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If the entire robotic system is turned off upon fault detection for safety reasons, then system safety is improved, but system productivity is worsened due to unnecessary shutdowns

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesystem safetyVSAvoidsystem operation continuity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The robotic system is divided into independent functional modules (robotic arms, processors, sensors). When a fault is detected, only the affected module is isolated and shut down, while other modules continue to operate. This segmentation allows the system to maintain partial functionality rather than complete shutdown, resolving the contradiction between safety and productivity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

A supervisor processor acts as an intermediary between fault detection and system response. It analyzes fault information, determines the scope of impact, and coordinates the isolation of only affected components. This intermediary enables intelligent decision-making that prevents unnecessary system-wide shutdowns while maintaining safety.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Reliability

If redundant components are provided to prevent fault loss, then system reliability is improved, but system cost is worsened

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefault toleranceVSAvoidsystem cost
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The robotic system implements self-diagnosis and self-isolation capabilities through distributed sensors and processors. Each component can detect its own faults and trigger isolation protocols automatically. This self-service approach provides fault tolerance without requiring redundant backup components, reducing system cost while maintaining reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The system performs preliminary fault detection and classification before taking isolation actions. By detecting faults early and determining their scope in advance, the system can prepare appropriate responses without needing redundant components. This preliminary action enables cost-effective fault tolerance through intelligent control rather than hardware redundancy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Reliability

If non-failed arms are placed in safe state for system faults, then system safety is improved, but system adaptability is worsened due to loss of degraded operation capability

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesystem safetyVSAvoiddegraded mode operation
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The safety response is made local rather than global. The supervisor processor determines whether a fault is local (affecting one arm) or system-wide (affecting multiple arms). For local faults, only the affected arm is isolated, allowing other arms to continue operating. This local quality approach maintains adaptability while ensuring safety by matching the isolation scope to the actual fault scope.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Data Source

PatentEP3628451B1Fault reaction, fault isolation, and graceful degradation in a robotic system
Publication Date: 2023.06.07 INTUITIVE SURGICAL OPERATIONS INC
  • EP3628451B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3628451B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3628451B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A robotic system has arms, arm processors, arm supervisor, and system supervisor. Each arm includes nodes for controlling motors in the arm. Each node, including each arm processor, detects faults affecting the node, places the node into a safe state upon detecting a fault, propagates a fault notification, diagnoses the fault and classifies it, and sends an error message to the supervisor processor. The arm supervisor may detect faults affecting an arm and also perform fault reaction activities. The system supervisor handles the fault as either a system or local fault depending upon its class. For system faults, a fault notification is sent to the arm processors of non-failed arms so that the non-failed arms are placed in the safe state. For local faults, a degraded operation option is provided to a user and if the fault is classified as recoverable, a recovery option is provided to the user.