Robotic Bone Registration Using Simulated Digitization Regions
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing bone registration methods in computer-assisted orthopedic surgery are tedious, time-consuming, and risky, particularly due to the need for manual point collection on minimally exposed or unexposed bone regions, which can lead to registration inaccuracies and increased surgical time.
Innovation Solution
A computer-implemented method that identifies optimal regions or contours on a bone for digitization, using software simulations to confirm accuracy, and employs algorithms like RANSAC to select the best registration points, potentially replacing point collection with three or more lines along identified contours.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If manual point collection is used for bone registration, then registration accuracy can be achieved, but the process becomes tedious and time-consuming
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the manual mechanical point-collection process with an optical imaging system and automated image processing algorithms. The tracked camera captures images of anatomical landmarks, and software automatically identifies and processes these landmarks to perform registration, eliminating the need for manual probe-based point collection while maintaining accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a visual copy of the bone surface and anatomical landmarks through optical imaging. By capturing images and processing them through algorithms, the system creates a digital representation that can be analyzed automatically, replacing the need for direct physical measurement and significantly reducing registration time.
2Measurement precision
If points are collected in unexposed regions (band points), then complete bone coverage is achieved, but patient risk increases due to incisions or percutaneous probing
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an optical imaging system as an intermediary to capture images of anatomical landmarks. This allows the system to obtain data from unexposed regions without direct physical contact or incisions, using light as a non-invasive mediator to access and record surface features that would otherwise require surgical exposure.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the mechanical probe-based system with an optical imaging system. Instead of physically touching or piercing the bone surface to collect points, the system uses cameras to capture images and algorithms to identify landmarks, eliminating the need for incisions or percutaneous procedures while maintaining registration completeness.
3Measurement precision
If multiple points (up to 45) are collected for accurate registration, then registration precision improves, but the complexity of the procedure increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent enables the system to perform registration automatically without requiring the surgeon to manually collect and process multiple points. The software autonomously captures images, identifies anatomical landmarks, processes the data through algorithms, and completes the registration, allowing the system to serve itself and eliminating the complex manual coordination required.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the complex manual process of collecting and coordinating multiple points with an automated optical imaging and image processing system. The software automatically performs tasks that previously required sophisticated hand-eye coordination, including landmark identification, point collection, and registration calculation, significantly reducing procedural complexity.
4Measurement precision
If the surgeon constantly moves attention between monitor and bone during point collection, then point identification accuracy can be maintained, but surgical time increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses optical imaging as an intermediary to create a visual record of the bone surface and landmarks. The captured images are processed and displayed, allowing the surgeon to identify landmarks by viewing the images rather than constantly shifting focus between the actual bone and monitor, streamlining the identification process while maintaining accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the manual visual coordination process with an automated image capture and processing system. The camera continuously captures images, and software automatically processes them to highlight or identify landmarks, eliminating the need for the surgeon to manually coordinate their gaze between the bone and monitor, thereby improving surgical efficiency.
Data Source
AI summary
A computer-implemented method to improve the point collection process during registration of a bone for a computer-assisted surgical procedure is provided. Based on bone digitization data, a simulation is performed to confirm the accuracy of the registration for different digitization regions. Results are tested to identify which digitization regions meet a predefined accuracy requirement. The resulting information is used to perform a computer-assisted surgical procedure. A computerized simulation method for registration of a bone for a computer-assisted surgical procedure is also provided based on processor executing random stroking an expected exposed surface of a bone model with multiple of stroke curves to cover most of the bone model surface with uniform noise and a random sample consensus is applied to remove outlying point to yield the best registration results, to find the top subset as to overlap. A method to perform computer-assisted surgery is also provided.