Robotic Cutting Guide for Arthroplasty
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current surgical cutting guides for bone resection in arthroplasty procedures lack flexibility to accommodate varying joint sizes and patient anatomy, often requiring multiple jigs for different angles, which can lead to inaccuracies in prosthesis fit and increased surgical complexity.
Innovation Solution
A robotic cutting guide system with a robotic guide assembly, three-dimensional position tracking, and a controller that adjusts the cutting guide in six degrees of freedom, using a joint distraction system to measure forces and determine optimal positioning based on bone positions, allowing for precise bone resection without the need for multiple jigs.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If multiple fixed-angle jigs are used to accommodate different bone resection angles, then adaptability to varying patient anatomy is improved, but device complexity and surgical procedure complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The cutting guide is designed with adjustable components that allow a single device to perform multiple functions across different bone resection angles. The guide can be reconfigured to accommodate various cutting angles and orientations, eliminating the need for multiple fixed-angle jigs while maintaining adaptability to varying patient anatomy
Solution Approach 2:
The cutting guide incorporates dynamic adjustment mechanisms that allow real-time modification of cutting angles and guide orientation during surgery. This enables the single guide to adapt to different resection requirements without requiring multiple static devices, reducing device complexity while preserving versatility
2Adaptability or versatility
If multiple fixed-angle jigs are used for different resection angles, then coverage of various cutting angles is improved, but the number of devices required increases
Solution Approach 1:
A single cutting guide design incorporates multiple cutting slots and adjustable positioning mechanisms that enable it to guide cuts at various angles. This universal guide replaces the need for multiple angle-specific jigs, reducing the quantity of devices required while maintaining comprehensive coverage of cutting angles
Solution Approach 2:
The cutting guide is divided into modular segments with interchangeable or reconfigurable components. Each segment can be adjusted or repositioned to create different cutting angles, allowing one device to provide the functionality of multiple fixed-angle jigs
3Ease of operation
If fixed predetermined angle jigs are used, then ease of operation is improved, but manufacturing precision and prosthesis fit accuracy may deteriorate due to anatomical variations
Solution Approach 1:
The cutting guide incorporates patient-specific anatomical references and customizable positioning features that are tailored to the individual patient's bone geometry. This allows the guide to maintain ease of operation while achieving precise alignment specific to each patient's anatomy, thereby improving prosthesis fit accuracy
Solution Approach 2:
The cutting guide allows for adjustment of cutting angles and guide positioning parameters based on preoperative planning and intraoperative anatomical assessment. This flexibility enables the system to maintain operational simplicity while adapting parameters to achieve optimal precision for each patient's unique anatomy
Data Source
AI summary
A robotic cutting guide system for computer-assisted surgery is provided. The robotic cutting guide includes a robotic guide assembly having a cutting guide, a three-dimensional position tracking system for tracking a position of a first bone of a joint, a second bone of the joint, and the robotic guide assembly, and a controller operatively in communication with the robotic guide assembly and the three-dimensional position tracking system. The controller is configured to position the cutting guide adjacent one of the first and second bones of the joint, and then reposition the cutting guide adjacent the other one of the first and second bones of the joint, based on the tracked position of the first and second bones of the joint and the robotic guide assembly.