Robotic Implant Cup Placement for Augmented Hip Arthroplasty
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current surgical procedures for hip arthroplasty, especially those involving implant augments, rely heavily on surgeon expertise and experience, leading to difficulties in accurately placing implant augments and extended surgical times, and existing robotically-assisted surgical devices do not provide adequate support for implant augment placement.
Innovation Solution
A robotic surgical system is developed that includes a robotic device, tracking system, and computing system to facilitate computer-assisted planning and robotically-assisted surgical steps for implant augment placement, utilizing a surgical plan, virtual objects, and haptic feedback to guide the surgical tool for precise bone modification and implant placement.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If traditional manual surgical techniques are used for implant augment placement, then surgeon expertise and experience are required, but surgical time is extended and placement accuracy is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The surgical plan is created preoperatively with precise determination of implant cup and augment positions, and virtual objects are generated in advance to guide the robotic device. This preliminary planning eliminates the need for intraoperative decision-making and reduces surgical time while maintaining high placement accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces manual surgical techniques with a robotically-assisted system that uses virtual objects and haptic feedback to guide the surgical tool. This substitution of mechanical/manual control with automated robotic control enables more precise augment placement and reduces surgical time.
2Manufacturing precision
If robotically-assisted surgical devices are used, then surgical precision is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces virtual objects as an intermediary between the surgical plan and the robotic device operation. These virtual objects serve as a simplified interface that guides the complex robotic system without requiring the surgeon to directly manage all system complexities, thus maintaining precision while managing device complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The system creates virtual copies (virtual objects) of the planned bone modifications and implant positions. These virtual representations allow the surgeon to work with simplified models rather than directly controlling the complex robotic device, reducing the perceived complexity while maintaining surgical precision.
3Ease of operation
If implant augments are placed manually, then surgical flexibility is maintained, but the burden on surgeon expertise increases
Solution Approach 1:
The robotic system performs self-guidance through haptic feedback that automatically constrains the surgical tool to follow the pre-planned trajectory and virtual objects. This self-service capability reduces dependence on surgeon expertise and experience while maintaining surgical flexibility and ease of operation.
Solution Approach 2:
The system implements haptic feedback that provides real-time force resistance to guide the surgical tool along the planned path. This feedback mechanism automatically corrects deviations and reduces the burden on surgeon expertise while maintaining operational flexibility.
Data Source
AI summary
A method includes planning a planned pose of an implant cup. The planning includes planning screw trajectories associated with the implant cup. The method also includes positioning the implant cup using a robot, checking, prior to impaction and using a trackable probe, an actual pose of the implant cup relative to the planned pose, and performing the impaction of the implant cup.