Contingent Manual Instrumentation for Robotic Knee Bone Cuts
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current total knee arthroplasty (TKA) implant designs are limited by manual instrumentation, which restricts the number of bone cuts and results in excessive bone removal, while robotic surgery offers the potential for more precise and intricate cuts, but requires contingency plans for procedure abortions.
Innovation Solution
A system and method that generates instructions for a robotic surgical device to create six or more planar bone cuts, with manual instruments as a contingency for procedure abortions, allowing for more precise and intricate implant designs with additional planar surfaces, preserving bone and improving fit and alignment.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If manual instrumentation is used for TKA bone cuts, then the procedure can be completed with standard implants, but the number of bone cuts is limited to five and excessive bone is removed
Solution Approach 1:
The manual instrumentation is segmented into multiple specialized cut blocks (e.g., distal cut block, posterior chamfer cut block, anterior chamfer cut block) that can be used in sequence to create more than five bone cuts. Each cut block is designed for a specific cutting task, enabling the surgeon to create additional preparatory cuts without requiring a completely new instrumentation system.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces non-planar bone cuts in addition to the traditional five planar cuts. By adding cuts in different dimensional orientations (e.g., radial cuts, inclined cuts), the instrumentation can prepare the bone surface more precisely for complex implant geometries without removing excessive bone volume.
2Manufacturing precision
If robotic surgical device is used to create precise bone cuts, then manufacturing precision and bone preservation are improved, but the procedure requires contingency plans for abortions
Solution Approach 1:
The manual cut blocks are designed to work with the robotic system's preliminary bone cuts. The robotic device creates the first set of precise planar cuts, and the manual instrumentation is prepared in advance to complete the remaining non-planar cuts. This preliminary action by the robot reduces the workload for manual completion while maintaining precision.
Solution Approach 2:
The manual cut blocks serve as an intermediary between the robotic system and the final implant placement. When the robotic procedure is aborted or needs completion, these pre-designed manual instruments provide a bridge to finish the bone preparation, ensuring continuity of the surgical procedure without requiring complete manual redesign.
3Manufacturing precision
If robot specific implant designs with six or more planar surfaces are created, then implant fit and alignment are improved, but manual instrumentation is needed as contingency
Solution Approach 1:
The manual cut blocks are designed with multi-functionality to handle both robotic-assisted scenarios and complete manual procedures. Each cut block can be used in combination with robotic cuts or independently for manual completion, providing universal applicability across different surgical scenarios and ensuring procedure adaptability.
Solution Approach 2:
The surgical plan is designed with beforehand cushioning by preparing both robotic and manual instrumentation pathways in advance. The manual cut blocks are pre-configured to create the necessary bone surfaces for six or more planar implant surfaces, ensuring that if the robotic procedure is aborted, the bone is already partially prepared and can be completed manually without starting from scratch.
Data Source
AI summary
A system and method are described herein for creating planar bone cuts on a bone to receive a total knee arthroplasty (TKA) femoral implant. The system includes a robotic surgical device, a computing system, and one or more contingent manual instruments. A surgical plan is generated having instructions for the robotic surgical device to create six or more planar bone cuts on the bone. The robotic surgical device executes the instructions, and in the event the robotic procedure is aborted before completing the six or more planar cuts, the one or more contingent manual instruments are used to create any remaining planar bone cuts. The one or more contingent manual instruments may include a plurality of uniquely arranged guide slots to assist a user in creating one or more remaining planar bone cuts.