Robotic Respiratory Biopsy System for Infection Risk Reduction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current biopsy methods for respiratory diagnosis, such as bronchoscopy and percutaneous biopsy, pose risks to medical workers due to the potential for viral transmission during respiratory infections, and are hindered by complexities in the internal bronchial environment and the need for multiple device operations.
Innovation Solution
A robotic system for respiratory diagnosis and treatment, comprising a master control apparatus, a slave control apparatus with a mechanical arm and biopsy instrument introduction mechanism, and a navigation apparatus for guiding the slave robot to deliver a biopsy instrument and clamp lesion tissue, thereby minimizing human intervention and risk.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If bronchoscopy biopsy is performed manually by doctors, then the diagnosis rate of central lesions is high, but medical workers face infection risk from viral transmission during the operation
Solution Approach 1:
A robotic system serves as an intermediary between the doctor and the patient during bronchoscopy biopsy. The robot performs the biopsy operation remotely, preventing direct contact between medical workers and patients with respiratory infections, thereby eliminating infection risk while maintaining diagnostic accuracy through precise control of the bronchoscope and biopsy instruments.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the manual mechanical operation of bronchoscopy and biopsy by doctors with an automated robotic system. The robot mechanically controls the bronchoscope insertion, navigation, and biopsy instrument deployment, substituting human hands with robotic actuators to eliminate exposure to infectious aerosols and viruses during the procedure.
2Productivity
If multiple devices and operations are performed manually during interventional biopsy, then the procedure can be completed, but physician fatigue and hand operation instability increase operation risk
Solution Approach 1:
The robotic system merges multiple separate devices (bronchoscope, biopsy forceps, needle aspiration device) and operations (insertion, navigation, sampling) into a single integrated robotic platform. This consolidation allows coordinated control of all instruments through a unified system, eliminating hand operation instability and physician fatigue while maintaining the ability to perform complete biopsy procedures.
Solution Approach 2:
The robotic system performs multiple operations autonomously or with minimal human intervention. The robot self-navigates the bronchoscope through the airways, automatically positions biopsy instruments, and executes sampling procedures, reducing the need for continuous manual manipulation and thereby minimizing operator fatigue and instability.
3Measurement precision
If CT or X-ray scan is used for location determination during bronchoscopy, then lesion positioning is achieved, but long-term radiation exposure negatively affects operation quality and increases risk
Solution Approach 1:
The robotic system integrates multiple navigation and imaging modalities beyond traditional CT or X-ray scanning. It incorporates real-time optical imaging, electromagnetic navigation, and potentially other non-ionizing imaging techniques to locate and navigate to lesions, providing accurate positioning without relying on long-term radiation exposure from repeated CT or X-ray scans.
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to a robotic system for respiratory diagnosis and treatment and a control method therefor. The present disclosure includes a master control apparatus for operating and controlling a control instruction, a slave control apparatus for receiving the control instruction of the master control apparatus and operating an operation action, and a navigation apparatus for guiding the slave control apparatus. The slave control apparatus includes a slave robot and a slave embedded controller installed inside the slave robot. The slave robot is provided with a mechanical arm, a propulsion support plate connected to the mechanical arm, a biopsy instrument introduction mechanism connected to a propulsion support plate for delivering a biopsy instrument, a bronchoscope rotation driving mechanism for controlling a bronchoscope, and a bending control mechanism for controlling an angle of a flexible end of the bronchoscope.