Rock Bolting Machine Dynamic Force Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current rock bolting methods face challenges in efficiently drilling bolt holes and torquing rock bolts due to high initial insertion forces causing friction, which can hinder the accurate application of desired torque and lead to incomplete or uneven bolt installation in underground spaces.
Innovation Solution
A method and apparatus that dynamically adjust insertion and rotational forces during both drilling and rock bolt installation, using a controller to decrease insertion force as rotational force increases and increase it when necessary, ensuring optimal torque application by separating forces to prevent friction interference.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Force
If high insertion force is applied to insert the rock bolt into the bolt hole, then the rock bolt can be inserted into the hole, but friction increases which hinders accurate torque application
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically adjusts the insertion force during the bolting process. The controller continuously monitors the rotational force applied to the rock bolt and automatically modulates the insertion force from the bolt feed motor. This dynamic adjustment ensures that insertion force is optimized at each stage of the process, reducing friction during torque application while maintaining sufficient force for bolt insertion.
Solution Approach 2:
The bolting process uses periodic action by applying insertion force and rotational force in a controlled sequence. The system applies insertion force to advance the bolt, then reduces it during torque application, and repeats this cycle as needed. This periodic modulation of forces allows the system to achieve both bolt insertion and accurate torque application by separating these functions in time.
2Reliability
If high insertion force is maintained during torque application, then the rock bolt remains secured in the hole, but friction interferes with achieving desired torque
Solution Approach 1:
The controller dynamically modulates the insertion force based on real-time monitoring of rotational force. During torque application, the system automatically reduces insertion force to minimize friction, thereby achieving precise torque control. The system maintains bolt security through controlled periodic application of insertion force rather than continuous high force.
Solution Approach 2:
The bolting process is segmented into distinct phases: insertion phase with high insertion force, and torque application phase with reduced insertion force. The controller separates these functions temporally, applying full insertion force only when needed to advance the bolt, then reducing it during torque application to eliminate friction interference while maintaining bolt security.
3Force
If rotational force is increased to achieve desired torque, then torque application improves, but insertion force must be decreased to reduce friction
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses dynamic force modulation where the controller continuously adjusts both insertion force and rotational force based on real-time conditions. As rotational force increases to achieve desired torque, the controller automatically decreases insertion force to minimize friction. This dynamic coordination ensures optimal torque application without friction interference.
Solution Approach 2:
The controller employs feedback control by continuously monitoring the rotational force applied to the rock bolt and using this information to adjust the insertion force. When rotational force reaches levels that indicate adequate torque application, the system feedback-reduces insertion force to eliminate friction. This closed-loop control ensures precise torque achievement while minimizing harmful friction effects.
4Productivity
If insertion force is increased when rotational force decreases, then drilling efficiency improves, but friction may increase during subsequent torque application
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses periodic action to alternate between high insertion force during drilling/advancement phases and reduced insertion force during torque application phases. When rotational force decreases during drilling, the controller increases insertion force to maintain drilling efficiency. This periodic modulation continues throughout the process, automatically reducing insertion force before torque application to prevent friction while maintaining high productivity during advancement.
Data Source
AI summary
A method of installing a rock bolt is provided. A bolt hole can be formed by applying an insertion force to a drill rod and while the insertion force is being applied, applying a rotational force on the drill rod to rotate the drill rod and bore the bolt hole. A rock bolt can then be installed in the bolt hole by applying an insertion force to the rock bolt to insert the rock bolt into a bolt hole and while the insertion force is applied to the rock bolt, applying a rotational force on the rock bolt to rotate the rock bolt in the bolt hole. As the rotational force being applied to the rock bolt increases, the insertion force applied to the rock bolt can be decreased until no insertion force is being applied and the rock bolt has been torqued to a desired torque amount.