Rock Mass Shear Test Rig With Uniform Heating and Dynamic Sealing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current rock mass mechanics test equipment lacks the capability to perform high-temperature shear and shear-seepage tests simultaneously, with limitations in heating temperature, uneven heating, poor sealing performance, and limited normal displacement, leading to unreliable and inflexible operation.
Innovation Solution
An underground engineering rock mass shear simulation test device with a frame, axial and horizontal loading mechanisms, sample placing mechanisms, and a linkage traction mechanism, controlled by a controller, capable of performing cyclic shear tests, fracture shear seepage tests, and granite tests at high temperatures up to 400°C with precise temperature control and sealing enhancements.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If heating rod is placed in shear box for heating, then heating function is provided, but sample heating is uneven due to only two heating directions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from one-dimensional heating (heating rod) to two-dimensional heating (heating plate), expanding the heating surface area and improving thermal uniformity across the sample. The heating plate contacts the sample from below, providing heat distribution across the entire sample base area rather than from a single point or line.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the mechanical heating rod system with a thermal field system using a heating plate. This substitution allows for more uniform heat distribution through thermal conduction across the plate surface, eliminating the directional limitations of rod-based heating.
2Reliability
If glue is used for sealing shear seepage box, then sealing is provided, but sealing performance is poor and sealing rubber has short service life
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the sealing mechanism from chemical adhesion (glue) to mechanical compression (O-ring). The O-ring sealing relies on elastic deformation and compression force to create a seal, which is more reliable and durable than glue bonding. The sealing rubber is compressed between the sample and the box wall, providing consistent sealing performance.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses composite sealing structure combining O-ring rubber material with metal or rigid support structures. The O-ring provides elastic sealing while the supporting structure provides mechanical strength and positioning, creating a durable composite sealing system that extends service life.
3Adaptability or versatility
If normal displacement is allowed in shear seepage process, then test flexibility is improved, but sealing performance faces high challenge
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses a flexible O-ring sealing structure that can accommodate normal displacement of the sample. The O-ring's elasticity allows it to deform and maintain sealing contact even when the sample moves vertically, providing both flexibility and reliable sealing performance simultaneously.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements a dynamic sealing solution where the O-ring can adapt its position and deformation state in response to sample movement. The sealing system transitions from a static fixed-position seal to a dynamic adaptive seal that maintains effectiveness during normal displacement.
4Measurement precision
If heating temperature is increased to reach deep rock mass environment, then test accuracy is improved, but equipment complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent designs a multi-functional testing system where a single apparatus can perform multiple test types (direct shear, triaxial, high-temperature, seepage tests). The universal testing machine integrates various loading mechanisms, heating systems, and sealing arrangements to accommodate different test requirements, reducing the need for multiple specialized devices.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent combines heating function, loading function, and sealing function into an integrated test system. The heating plate is integrated with the sample loading mechanism, and the O-ring sealing is incorporated into the shear box structure, creating a compact unified system rather than separate independent components.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The device provides reliable, flexible, and accurate high-temperature shear and shear-seepage tests with improved sealing and displacement capabilities, enabling comprehensive rock mass mechanical property analysis.
Implementation Method 1
a heating device, which is used for heating the test sample
Implementation Method 2
an axial loading mechanism, which is used for providing axial force loading to the test sample
Implementation Method 3
a horizontal loading mechanism, which is used for providing shear force loading to the test sample
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed are an underground engineering rock mass shear simulation test device, a test method and a test machine. The test method includes: setting different test conditions by a controller to perform cyclic shear test at high temperature, fracture shear seepage test, granite uniaxial compression test at high temperature and granite fracture shear test under constant normal stiffness boundary conditions at room temperature. The electric heating wire assembly, the fan assembly and the environmental box are combined to flexibly and uniformly heat the samples placed in the upper shear box and the lower shear box. In terms of shear-seepage test, this scheme proposes a second sample placing mechanism that realizes sealing through sealing capsule and sealing capsule pressing plate. It realizes stable sealing and facilitates monitoring and debugging of seepage parameters.