Rod Electrode with Variable Dielectric Sections for Selective Soil Heating

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Solution Overview

Problem

Dielectric heating methods using rod-shaped electrodes face challenges in achieving uniform and selective heating of deep soil layers due to electromagnetic wave attenuation, limiting the effectiveness in contaminant remediation, especially when pollutant concentrations vary across different soil horizons.

Innovation Solution

The method involves using rod-shaped electrodes with sections filled with materials of different relative dielectric constants along their length to control electromagnetic wave coupling, allowing for selective heating by varying the radial expansion and dielectric properties between the electrode and the soil, enabling targeted heating of specific areas while minimizing energy input into other areas.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of manufacture

If rod-shaped electrodes are used for dielectric heating of soil, then the electrodes can be easily inserted into the ground using conventional drilling technology, but strong attenuation of electromagnetic waves occurs along the electrodes, resulting in preferential heating of upper soil layers and insufficient heating of lower layers

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveease of electrode insertionVSAvoidtemperature distribution in soil layers
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality by providing different radial expansions at different sections of the rod-shaped electrode. The electrode has a first radial expansion in a first section and a second radial expansion in a second section, where these expansions differ from each other. This creates different electromagnetic coupling characteristics at different depths, allowing selective heating of specific soil layers while maintaining ease of insertion as a single rod structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Temperature

If the electrode geometry is modified to achieve uniform temperature distributions, then heating uniformity improves, but the complexity of the electrode structure increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetemperature distribution uniformityVSAvoidelectrode structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the electrode into different sections with different radial expansions. The electrode is divided into a first section with a first radial expansion and a second section with a second radial expansion. This segmentation allows each section to be optimized for different heating requirements while maintaining a relatively simple overall rod structure that can be inserted using conventional drilling methods.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

3Adaptability or versatility

If different radial expansions are provided at different sections of the electrode, then selective heating of specific soil layers is enabled, but the manufacturing precision requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveselective heating capabilityVSAvoidradial expansion dimensional control
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements local quality by providing different radial expansions at different sections of the electrode. The first radial expansion at the first section differs from the second radial expansion at the second section, enabling selective heating of specific soil layers. This local variation in geometry allows the electrode to adapt to different contaminant distributions in the soil while maintaining manufacturability through standard fabrication processes.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach allows for spatially selective and controlled heating of soil layers, enhancing the efficiency of contaminant removal by ensuring that highly contaminated areas are heated preferentially, while reducing overheating and energy loss, thus improving the overall remediation process.

Implementation Method 1

The coupling of electromagnetic radiation into the bed of solids via the at least one rod-shaped electrode

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDielectric heating: Dielectric Heating

Implementation Method 2

coupling of electromagnetic radiation into the bed of solids via the at least one rod-shaped electrode

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic radiation: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 3

the area between the outer surface of the electrode and the bed of solids in at least two sections along the longitudinal axis of the electrode is divided and the sections are completely filled with a material with a different relative dielectric constant

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDielectric constant variation: Dielectric Permittivity

Data Source

PatentEP1779938B1Process and apparatus for selective dielectrical heating a particulate bed using elongate electrodes
Publication Date: 2011.03.23 ECOLOGIA ENVIRONMENTAL SOLUTIONS
  • EP1779938B1 patent drawingFigure 1~4
  • EP1779938B1 patent drawingFigure 5
  • EP1779938B1 patent drawingFigure 6

AI summary

The method involves placing rod shaped electrodes (1) in a solid bed (5) and providing electromagnetic radiation to the solid bed, where each electrode is fed with a high frequency voltage defined polarity. A material is arranged in a portion of the electrode between a casing surface of the electrode and the solid bed. The material has a relative dielectric constant that is different from a relative dielectric constant of the bed. An independent claim is also included for a device for spatial selective heating of a solid bed.