Rolling Four-Bar Linkage Layout for Lighter Tilting Front Ends

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Existing rolling four-bar linkages in tilting motor vehicles are cumbersome, heavy, and costly, negatively impacting the ease of maneuverability and mechanical strength.

Innovation Solution

A modified rolling four-bar linkage with one crosspiece having a shorter half-crosspiece that is not directly hinged to the uprights, reducing weight and cost while maintaining mechanical strength by using a single rigid body connection for the other crosspiece.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Strength

If a traditional rolling four-bar linkage is used to ensure mechanical strength and stability, then the vehicle has sufficient structural robustness, but the linkage becomes heavy and cumbersome, negatively affecting ease of maneuverability and increasing cost

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemechanical strength of linkageVSAvoidweight of rolling four-bar linkage
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSWeight of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The lower crosspiece is divided into two separate half-crosspieces (front and rear) that are hinged to the uprights, while the upper crosspiece remains as a single rigid body. This segmentation allows the lower crosspiece to be lighter and more flexible, reducing overall weight while maintaining structural strength through the hinge connections to uprights.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Different parts of the linkage have different structural characteristics: the upper crosspiece is a rigid single body providing overall stability, while the lower crosspiece uses separate hinged half-crosspieces allowing local flexibility and weight reduction. This local differentiation optimizes both strength and weight.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Strength

If a traditional rolling four-bar linkage with all crosspieces hinged to uprights is used, then the linkage has high mechanical strength, but it increases device complexity and manufacturing cost

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemechanical strength of linkageVSAvoidcomplexity of rolling four-bar linkage
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The lower crosspiece is segmented into two hinged half-crosspieces while the upper crosspiece remains unified. This reduces the number of connection points and components needed, simplifying the overall structure while maintaining necessary strength through strategic hinging.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The hinge connections are extracted from the upper crosspiece and concentrated in the lower crosspiece half-crosspieces. This reduces the number of hinges and connection points in the overall linkage, simplifying manufacturing and assembly while maintaining structural integrity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

3Force

If a heavier four-bar linkage is used to ensure sufficient mechanical strength, then the linkage can bear dynamic loads, but the ease of maneuverability of the vehicle is significantly reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveload bearing capacity of linkageVSAvoidease of maneuverability
Core Design Contradiction:
ForceVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The lower crosspiece is divided into hinged half-crosspieces that can move independently, reducing the overall mass of the linkage. This segmentation allows the linkage to bear necessary loads through distributed hinge connections while reducing the weight that would otherwise hinder maneuverability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The hinged half-crosspieces introduce dynamic flexibility to the linkage, allowing it to adapt to road conditions and reduce the force required for steering and maneuvering. The linkage becomes more compliant and easier to move while maintaining load-bearing capacity through the hinge connections.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Data Source

PatentEP4476129B1A tilting saddle motor vehicle with lightened rolling four-bar linkage
Publication Date: 2026.04.08 PIAGGIO & C SPA
  • EP4476129B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4476129B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4476129B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The tilting motor vehicle comprises a pair of steering front wheels (17A, 17B), linked to the frame (3) of the motor vehicle (1) through a rolling four-bar linkage (21). The rolling four-bar linkage comprises an upper crosspiece (23) and a lower crosspiece (25) linked to each other by uprights (27A, 27B) forming the rocker arms of the four-bar linkage. One of the two crosspieces consists of a front half- crosspiece and a rear half-crosspiece, both hinged to the two uprights. The other half- crosspiece comprises two half-crosspieces, only one of which is hinged at the ends thereof to the two uprights, while the other half-crosspiece is shorter, and it is not hinged to the uprights.