Rotary Cutting Tool Locking Screw with Radial Wings
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Solution Overview
Problem
Rotary cutting tools face issues where forces during cutting operations can dislodge the screw, and internal coolant channels weaken small diameter screws, leading to inadequate axial securement of the cutting head.
Innovation Solution
A rotary cutting tool design featuring a shank with an axially extending channel, a cutting head with radial recesses and an axially extending head channel, and a locking screw with transverse locking wings that are retained in the shank channel, allowing for secure fastening and coolant flow around the locking screw, maintaining structural integrity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If an internal axial channel is provided for coolant fluid in small diameter cutting tools, then coolant flow to cutting edges is improved, but the screw is weakened and cannot withstand cutting forces
Solution Approach 1:
The locking screw is designed with transverse locking wings that segment the force transmission path. The locking wings engage with radial recesses in the cutting head, creating discrete force transfer points that maintain screw strength while enabling secure attachment. This segmentation allows the screw to withstand cutting forces without requiring a solid continuous structure that would block coolant flow.
Solution Approach 2:
The locking wings act as intermediary elements between the locking screw and the cutting head. Instead of the screw directly engaging the cutting head through a solid structure, the locking wings serve as mediators that transfer axial and radial forces while allowing coolant to pass through the central channel. This intermediary structure resolves the conflict between needing screw strength and allowing coolant flow.
2Productivity
If forces act on the cutting head during cutting operation, then cutting function is performed, but the screw may be released from threading engagement and reduce axial securement
Solution Approach 1:
The locking wings are pre-configured to engage with radial recesses in the cutting head before cutting forces are applied. This preliminary engagement creates a mechanical interlock that prevents the screw from being released during cutting operations. The locking wings are positioned to counteract the direction of potential screw disengagement, providing preliminary anti-action against the harmful effect of force-induced release.
Solution Approach 2:
The locking mechanism incorporates dynamic force distribution through the locking wings. As cutting forces act on the cutting head, the locking wings dynamically adjust the force distribution between axial and radial components. The radial component is transferred to the cutting head through the locking wings' engagement with radial recesses, while the axial component maintains securement. This dynamic adaptation ensures reliable axial securement during cutting operations.
Data Source
AI summary
A rotary cutting tool comprises a cutting head which is axially secured to a forward end of a shank by a locking screw. At least one radially extending locking wing of the locking screw is located in at least one radial recess of the cutting head or at least one radially extending passage is formed between the locking screw and the cutting head.