Rotary-Oscillating Surgical Tool to Prevent Fibrous Tissue Wrapping
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing surgical tools with rotary cutters face issues when encountering fibrous tissues like muscle and nerves, as they can wrap around the cutter and get damaged, and oscillating rotary tools experience mechanical inefficiencies due to poor oscillation mechanisms.
Innovation Solution
A surgical tool with a drive transmission system that combines a first driver for rotary oscillation and a second driver for longitudinal reciprocation, utilizing a rack and pinion gear arrangement to achieve simultaneous oscillating and reciprocating movements of the cutter shaft.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If a rotary cutter is used to cut tissue, then cutting efficiency is improved, but fibrous tissue can wrap around the cutter and be damaged
Solution Approach 1:
The rotary cutter is modified to perform oscillating motion in addition to rotation, creating a dynamic cutting pattern that prevents fibrous tissue from wrapping around the cutter. The oscillation mechanism causes the cutter to move back and forth radially, disrupting the wrapping action of fibrous tissues and eliminating the harmful effect while maintaining high cutting efficiency.
2Reliability
If oscillation mechanism is added to rotary cutter, then tissue wrapping is prevented, but mechanical efficiency decreases due to poor mechanism design
Solution Approach 1:
The oscillation mechanism is merged with the rotary drive system by using the motor's rotor and stator components to generate both rotational and oscillating motions. The magnetic fields between rotor and stator poles create torque that produces oscillation during rotation, eliminating the need for separate oscillation mechanisms and improving mechanical efficiency while preventing tissue wrapping.
Solution Approach 2:
The motor serves multiple functions: it generates rotational motion for cutting, produces oscillating motion to prevent tissue wrapping, and provides cutting control. This multi-functionality reduces the number of separate components needed and improves overall mechanical efficiency of the system.
3Productivity
If high cutting speed is used, then cutting efficiency is improved, but vibration increases affecting precision
Solution Approach 1:
The cutter performs periodic oscillating motion during rotation, creating a controlled cutting pattern that reduces vibration. The oscillation frequency and amplitude are optimized to minimize harmful vibrations while maintaining high cutting speed, allowing efficient cutting with improved precision and control.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The tool provides smooth operation with reduced risk of damaging fibrous tissues and improved mechanical efficiency by ensuring precise, vibration-free cutting of hard tissues like bone and cartilage.
Implementation Method 1
utilizing a rack and pinion gear arrangement to achieve simultaneous oscillating and reciprocating movements of the cutter shaft
Data Source
AI summary
A surgical tool that has a pair of transmissions coupled to one another to effect driving of a cutting tool in both an oscillating manner and a reciprocating manner. The transmissions are driven by a motor coupled to one of the transmissions.