Rotary Cutting Tool Coolant Grooves for Shank Rigidity
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional rotary cutting tools face challenges in supplying coolant to the cutting edge at a sufficient rate without reducing the rigidity of the shank portion, especially when the blade portion diameter is small, leading to increased cutting-edge wear and reduced cutting efficiency.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of coolant-guide recessed grooves on the outer circumferential surface of the shank portion, which are circumferentially spaced and have a flat cross-section with a wider groove width than depth, allowing for efficient coolant delivery to the cutting edge without significantly increasing the shank diameter or reducing its rigidity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If the cross sectional area of the coolant guide hole is increased to supply coolant at a higher rate, then coolant supply rate is improved, but rigidity of the shank portion is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from using internal coolant guide holes (one-dimensional through-hole approach) to using external coolant guide grooves (surface-level channels). This dimensional change allows the coolant to flow along the outer circumferential surface of the shank portion, providing adequate coolant supply without compromising the internal structural integrity and rigidity of the shank.
Solution Approach 2:
The coolant guide grooves are positioned specifically on the outer circumferential surface of the shank portion, concentrating the coolant delivery function in a localized external structure rather than requiring changes to the overall shank dimensions or internal core structure. This allows localized coolant supply without affecting global rigidity.
2Strength
If the diameter of the shank portion is increased to maintain rigidity, then rigidity is improved, but the coolant is discharged to a position distant from the cutting edge and peripheral speed is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
By moving the coolant guide structure from internal holes to external grooves on the circumferential surface, the patent enables coolant discharge at positions closer to the cutting edge without increasing shank diameter. This maintains the rotational inertia and peripheral speed while providing adequate coolant delivery.
3Productivity
If the rotary cutting tool is rotated at higher speed to increase cutting efficiency, then cutting efficiency is improved, but wear of cutting edge increases
Solution Approach 1:
The coolant guide grooves are designed to continuously deliver coolant to the cutting edge during rotation. The grooves extend circumferentially around the shank portion, ensuring that coolant supply remains effective throughout the rotation cycle, thereby maintaining cutting edge cooling and reducing wear even at high rotational speeds.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution enables effective coolant supply to the cutting edge, suppressing wear and enhancing cutting efficiency while maintaining the shank's rigidity, even at higher rotational speeds.
Implementation Method 1
a coolant is supplied to the cutting edge of the blade portion through the shank portion so as to cool the cutting edge
Data Source
AI summary
A rotary cutting tool includes: a blade portion; a shank portion having a diameter larger than a diameter of the blade portion; and a tapered connecting portion connecting the blade portion and the shank portion. The shank portion includes a plurality of coolant-guide recessed grooves provided in its outer circumferential surface. Each of the coolant-guide recessed grooves has a groove depth and a groove width that is larger than the groove depth. Each of the coolant-guide recessed grooves has a groove bottom that is shaped such that the groove depth is reduced as the each of the coolant-guide recessed grooves extends from its start end toward a groove-depth regional-change position in which a tendency of change of the groove depth is changed.