Rotatable Base Station Antenna for Geographical Adaptation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing antenna apparatus for base stations are not adaptable to varying geographical features and environmental conditions, leading to suboptimal beam patterns and antenna gains, which limits their effectiveness in different installation areas.
Innovation Solution
An adaptable antenna apparatus comprising a first and second rotatable antenna array with a main controller that can adjust its structure and beam patterns based on the installation area, allowing for optimal beam formation and spatial diversity without additional installations, by enabling or disabling antenna modules as needed.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If a fixed antenna structure is used with initially set characteristics, then the device complexity is reduced and ease of manufacture is improved, but the adaptability to different geographical features and installation areas deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a rotatable antenna array structure that can dynamically change its orientation and configuration based on installation requirements. The antenna array is mounted on a rotatable support structure, allowing it to be positioned at different angles and orientations to adapt to various geographical features and coverage requirements without changing the physical antenna elements themselves.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a universal antenna apparatus that can serve multiple functions and installation scenarios through a single design. The rotatable mechanism enables the same antenna structure to be used in different orientations (vertical, horizontal, tilted) and configurations, making it adaptable to urban areas, rural areas, rooftop installations, and pole-mounted installations without requiring different antenna models.
2Adaptability or versatility
If antenna elements are vertically stacked in a fixed configuration, then the manufacturing process is simplified, but the ability to form optimal beam patterns for different areas deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a dynamic beam forming capability where the phase and amplitude of signals fed to each antenna element can be adjusted electronically. This allows the beam pattern to be steered and shaped in different directions without physically moving the antenna elements, achieving optimal coverage for various geographical areas while maintaining a fixed physical structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the electrical parameters (phase shift, amplitude weighting) of the antenna elements to achieve different beam patterns. By adjusting these parameters through electronic control, the same physically stacked antenna array can produce different radiation patterns suitable for urban canyons, open rural areas, or targeted sector coverage without any physical reconfiguration.
3Adaptability or versatility
If all antenna modules are always activated, then the antenna gain is maximized, but the device complexity and power consumption increase unnecessarily for different installation scenarios
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic module activation where antenna elements can be selectively enabled or disabled based on the installation scenario and coverage requirements. The control system can dynamically adjust which antenna modules are active, allowing optimization of power consumption and simplification of the active array configuration while maintaining the capability to activate all modules when needed for maximum gain.
Data Source
AI summary
An adaptable antenna apparatus for a base station is provided. The adaptable antenna apparatus includes a first antenna having a first antenna array, a second antenna rotatably coupled to the first antenna and having a second antenna array, and a main controller provided in one of the first antenna and the second antenna, wherein the main controller is configured to apply a control signal to the first antenna and the second antenna.