Rotatable Knife Electrical Switch with Arc Contacts

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing electrical switches require separate linkages to achieve overlapping of neutral contacts during switching, which complicates the design and increases operational torque, whereas the proposed solution integrates a rotatable knife contact with a spring structure and arc-shaped contact areas to facilitate a 'make-before-break' function without additional parts, reducing operation torque and allowing adjustable overlapping duration.

Innovation Solution

The electrical switch features a rotatable knife contact with a pair of blades connected by a spring structure, making contact with arc-shaped areas of the fixed contacts, enabling a zero switching position where both ends of the blades connect the first and second fixed contacts to the third, allowing for seamless transition between switching positions without extra components.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If separate linkages are used to achieve overlapping of neutral contacts during switching, then the make-before-break function is realized, but the device complexity increases and operational torque increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemake-before-break functionVSAvoidseparate linkages
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the neutral contact overlapping function into the main switching mechanism by using a rotatable knife contact with arc-shaped contact areas. The arc-shaped design allows the knife contact to naturally overlap with both fixed contacts during rotation, eliminating the need for separate linkages while maintaining the make-before-break function.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The rotatable knife contact with arc-shaped contact areas serves multiple functions simultaneously: it provides the switching action, creates the overlapping period, and enables the make-before-break function. This multi-functional design replaces what would otherwise require separate dedicated components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Reliability

If separate linkages are used to achieve overlapping of neutral contacts, then the make-before-break function is realized, but the operation torque increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemake-before-break functionVSAvoidoperation torque
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSForce

Solution Approach 1:

By combining the overlapping function into the main switching mechanism through arc-shaped contact areas, the patent eliminates additional mechanical components that would increase torque requirements. The single rotational motion of the knife contact accomplishes both switching and overlapping without requiring separate actuation forces.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Duration of action of moving object

If the contact areas are made thicker and longer to increase overlapping duration, then the adjustable overlapping duration is achieved, but the contact force increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoverlapping durationVSAvoidcontact force
Core Design Contradiction:
Duration of action of moving objectVSForce

Solution Approach 1:

The patent allows adjustment of overlapping duration by modifying the geometric parameters (thickness and length) of the arc-shaped contact areas. This provides controllable adjustment of the overlapping period while managing the associated increase in contact force through proper dimensional design.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This design simplifies the overlapping of neutral contacts, reduces operation torque, and allows for adjustable overlapping duration by modifying the thickness and length of the contact areas, enhancing the switch's operational efficiency and reliability.

Implementation Method 1

the rotatable knife contact comprising at least one longitudinal pair of blades flexibly connected to each other with a spring structure

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElasticity: Elasticity

Data Source

PatentEP3754679B1An electrical switch
Publication Date: 2023.03.22 ABB (SCHWEIZ) AG
  • EP3754679B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3754679B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3754679B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The electrical switch comprises three fixed contacts (100, 200, 300) and a rotatable knife contact (400) being connected with a permanent electrical connection to a third one of the fixed contacts and comprising at least one pair of longitudinal blades. The rotatable knife contact connects in a first switching position only a first one and a third one of the fixed contacts electrically together, and in a second switching position only a second one and a third one of the fixed contacts. The rotatable knife contact connects further in a zero switching position the first, the second and the third fixed contact electrically together.