Rotating Cutting Element Drill Bit Torque Assembly

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional drill bits with affixed cutting elements suffer from reduced cutting element life and drilling efficiency due to constant engagement with the subterranean formation, leading to wear and temperature-related issues, which hinder rotation and increase the risk of destruction.

Innovation Solution

A rotary drill bit design that includes a torque-generating assembly to rotate cutting elements, either continuously or periodically, by coupling a cutting element with a substrate to a drill bit body, using actuator assemblies, cam mechanisms, or hydraulic systems to apply torque, thereby distributing the cutting edge engagement and reducing wear.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If cutting elements are affixed to drill bit bodies, then cutting element retention and mechanical strength are ensured, but cutting element life and drilling efficiency are reduced due to constant engagement wear and temperature increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecutting element retentionVSAvoidcutting element life
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDuration of action of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The cutting element is designed to rotate relative to the drill bit body through a torque-generating assembly, transforming the static cutting element into a dynamic component. This rotation allows different portions of the cutting edge to engage the formation sequentially, distributing wear and preventing the degradation associated with constant engagement of a single cutting edge portion.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The system recovers the cutting element's effectiveness by rotating it to bring fresh, un worn portions of the cutting edge into engagement with the formation. This extends the usable life of the cutting element by continuously presenting new cutting surfaces, effectively recovering cutting performance that would otherwise be lost to wear.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #34Discarding and recovering

2Strength

If cutting elements are affixed to drill bit bodies, then mechanical strength is ensured, but drilling efficiency decreases due to temperature-related wear and destruction risk

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemechanical strengthVSAvoiddrilling efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The cutting element rotates dynamically during drilling operations, preventing heat concentration at a single engagement point. This continuous rotation distributes thermal load across the cutting element's circumference, reducing temperature-related wear and the risk of thermal destruction, thereby maintaining drilling efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The cutting element undergoes periodic rotation that cycles different portions through engagement and disengagement phases. This periodic action allows brief cooling intervals between engagement cycles, preventing sustained high temperatures that would degrade cutting performance and reduce drilling efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

3Duration of action of moving object

If a torque-generating assembly is added to rotate cutting elements, then cutting element life and drilling efficiency are improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecutting element lifeVSAvoiddrill bit structure
Core Design Contradiction:
Duration of action of moving objectVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The torque-generating assembly is designed to serve multiple functions: generating rotational torque, transmitting it to the cutting element, and potentially providing controlled rotation speeds. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate mechanisms and minimizes overall device complexity while achieving the goal of extending cutting element life.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

A torque-generating assembly acts as an intermediary mechanism between the drill bit body and the cutting element, providing the necessary rotational motion without requiring fundamental redesign of either component. This intermediary approach allows the system to gain the benefits of rotating cutting elements while maintaining compatibility with existing drill bit architectures.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

4Productivity

If cutting elements are rotated during cutting, then wear is distributed and cutting efficiency is maintained, but the mechanism for applying torque increases device complexity

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecutting efficiencyVSAvoidtorque application mechanism
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The cutting element transitions from a static to a dynamic rotating component, with the torque-generating assembly providing controlled rotation. This dynamic operation distributes wear across the cutting edge circumference, maintaining cutting efficiency by continuously presenting fresh cutting surfaces while using a relatively simple rotational mechanism.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution significantly prolongs cutting element life, maintains cutting efficiency, and reduces temperature-related damage by ensuring continuous sharpness of the cutting edge, enhancing drilling performance and penetration rates.

Implementation Method 1

a torque-generating assembly configured to apply torque to the cutting element

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTorque: Torque

Implementation Method 2

The torque-generating assembly may be powered by the rotary motion of the rotary drill bit or may be hydraulically or electrically powered

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHydraulic actuation: Hydraulic Press

Data Source

PatentEP2143872B1Cutting element apparatuses, drill bits including same, methods of cutting, and methods of rotating a cutting element
Publication Date: 2011.12.07 US SYNTHETIC CORP
  • EP2143872B1 patent drawingFigure 1A~1B
  • EP2143872B1 patent drawingFigure 1C~1D
  • EP2143872B1 patent drawingFigure 2

AI summary

A rotary drill bit for drilling a subterranean formation may comprise a bit body, a cutting element coupled to the bit body, and a torque-generating assembly configured to apply torque, either continuously or periodically, to the cutting element. The torque-generating assembly may be powered by the rotary motion of the rotary drill bit or may be hydraulically or electrically powered. The cutting element may comprise a substrate, a table of superabrasive material disposed on an end of the substrate, and at least one impelling feature formed along the exterior surface of the substrate. In addition, a method of rotating a cutting element coupled to a drill bit for drilling a subterranean formation may comprise providing a cutting element comprising a table bonded to a substrate, coupling the substrate of the cutting element to a drill bit body, and applying torque to the substrate of the cutting element.