Rotating Drum Particle Separator for Gas Turbine Erosion Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Sand and other particles entering a gas turbine engine reduce the life of its parts through erosion and thermo-chemical-mechanical degradation, necessitating an effective method to remove them from the air/gas path without pressure loss or performance reduction.

Innovation Solution

A particle separator apparatus with a rotatable drum having a grooved or coated surface, combined with a scraper and conduit system, captures and separates particles from the air flow, utilizing a Stokes number calculation to optimize particle removal without external power input or pressure loss, and includes a purge mechanism for periodic cleaning.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If particles are removed from the air flow using conventional separators, then particle removal effectiveness is improved, but pressure loss increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveparticle removal effectivenessVSAvoidpressure loss
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The drum is designed to rotate freely without external power input, using the kinetic energy of incoming particles to drive its rotation. This dynamic element allows the separator to adapt to varying flow conditions while maintaining separation effectiveness without requiring additional energy input that would cause pressure loss

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The separator uses the kinetic energy of the particle-laden air flow itself to rotate the drum and perform the separation function. The system is self-powered, with no external energy input required, thereby avoiding the pressure losses associated with powered separation systems

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

2Reliability

If a rotatable drum with grooved surface is used for particle separation, then particle capture efficiency is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveparticle capture efficiencyVSAvoidseparator structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The drum provides a curved surface that particles naturally follow due to inertia and adhesion forces. The cylindrical geometry with circumferential grooves creates effective particle capture zones while maintaining a relatively simple structural form that is easier to manufacture than complex multi-component separators

Inventive Principle:
Principle #14Spheroidality (Curvature)

Solution Approach 2:

The drum surface is segmented into circumferential grooves that create discrete particle capture zones. This segmentation enhances particle capture efficiency by providing multiple contact points while the modular groove structure simplifies manufacturing compared to solid drum designs

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

3Reliability

If the drum rotates to capture particles, then particle removal effectiveness is improved, but manufacturing precision requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveparticle removal effectivenessVSAvoiddrum rotation and groove precision
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The drum rotates automatically using particle kinetic energy without requiring precision motors or control systems. This self-powered rotation tolerates broader manufacturing variations in bearing precision and rotational uniformity compared to externally powered systems

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The grooves are designed with specific dimensional parameters (depth, width, spacing) that optimize particle capture across a range of operating conditions. These parameters are optimized during design to provide robust performance without requiring ultra-precise manufacturing tolerances

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution effectively removes particles from the gas turbine engine, extending the life of its parts by preventing erosion and degradation while maintaining engine efficiency and performance.

Implementation Method 1

the outer surface of the drum may be provided with an adhesive layer to captivate the particles that contact the surface of the drum

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAdhesion: Adhesive

Implementation Method 2

the scraper is configured to separate particles captured on the outer surface of the drum from the outer surface of the drum

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFriction: Friction

Data Source

PatentEP3147481B1Apparatus and method for air particle separation in a gas turbine engine
Publication Date: 2021.08.04 RTX CORP
  • EP3147481B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3147481B1 patent drawingFigure 2~4D
  • EP3147481B1 patent drawingFigure 5A~5B

AI summary

A particle separator (28) for removing particles in a flow of air is provided. The particle separator (28) includes: a conduit (36) for directing air towards a curved section (40) of the conduit (36); and a drum (30) in fluid communication with the conduit (36) proximate to the curved section (40) of the conduit, wherein particles in the air travelling towards the curved section (40) will contact a surface of the drum (30).