Rotating Inductive Capacitive Data Energy Transmission Shielding
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing systems for contactless data and energy transmission between objects rotating relative to each other, such as in motor vehicle steering systems and laser scanners, face limitations in data rate and require additional optical elements, making them inefficient and prone to interference.
Innovation Solution
A compact apparatus using disk-shaped or annular coil and electrode carriers with inductive and capacitive coupling, where coils are concentric to the axis of rotation, and electrical conductors are arranged for data transmission, with shielding to prevent interference, allowing for efficient energy and data transfer.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by moving object
If inductive coupling is used for energy transmission between rotating objects, then contactless energy transfer is achieved, but data transmission rate is limited to several 10 kbits
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the transmission system into two separate functional components: inductive coils for energy transmission and capacitive electrodes for data transmission. This segmentation allows each component to be optimized for its specific function, enabling high-speed data transmission through capacitive coupling while maintaining contactless energy transfer through inductive coupling, thereby resolving the data rate limitation of pure inductive systems.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements a hybrid transmission system that combines both inductive and capacitive coupling mechanisms within a single apparatus. This multi-functional approach allows the system to simultaneously perform energy transmission (via inductive coils) and high-speed data transmission (via capacitive electrodes), overcoming the limitation of using only one transmission method.
2Productivity
If opto-electric transmission is used for data transmission between rotating objects, then data transmission capability is improved, but additional optical elements are required
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the optical transmission system with an electrical capacitive coupling system. Instead of using optical elements (lenses, LEDs, photodetectors), the invention uses capacitive electrodes that transmit data through electrical fields across a small air gap. This substitution maintains high data transmission capability while significantly reducing device complexity and eliminating the need for additional optical components.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the transmission medium from optical to electrical by utilizing capacitive coupling. By adjusting parameters such as electrode geometry, spacing, and driving voltage, the system achieves high-speed data transmission without requiring complex optical elements, thereby simplifying the overall device structure while maintaining productivity.
3Volume of moving object
If coils and electrodes are integrated on the same circuit board, then space is saved, but interference between energy and data transmission occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the harmful inductive coupling effect by selectively applying shielding materials only in the regions where capacitive electrodes are present. The shielding is taken out and placed only where needed - between the capacitive electrodes - rather than throughout the entire circuit board. This targeted approach prevents interference between energy and data transmission while minimizing the additional space required for shielding structures.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies different structural qualities to different regions of the circuit board. In regions containing both coils and capacitive electrodes, shielding structures are implemented to prevent interference. In regions containing only coils or only electrodes, no shielding is needed. This local differentiation optimizes space utilization by providing shielding only where it is necessary to prevent interference, rather than uniformly across the entire board.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables high-speed data transmission up to 100 MHz and efficient energy transfer with reduced interference, suitable for applications with limited space, such as laser scanners, while maintaining a compact and simple design.
Implementation Method 1
a contactless energy transmission is possible between the two coils by inductive coupling
Implementation Method 2
a data transmission is possible between the first and second electrical conductors by contactless electrical coupling
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to an apparatus for the transmission of data and energy between two objects moving relative to one another about a common axis of rotation. The objects each comprise coils which are disposed opposite and are spaced apart axially with respect to the axis of rotation such that an energy transmission between the coils is possible by inductive coupling. A respective electrode carrier having a respective electrical conductor is provided coaxially to and rotationally fixed with respect to the respective coils, wherein the electrode carriers are disposed opposite and spaced apart axially and the electrical conductors are arranged such that a data transmission between the electrical conductors is possible by electrical coupling. The electrical conductors are circular or part-circular and are concentric to the axis of rotation of the relative movement. In addition, the respective coil windings and electrical conductors are arranged concentric to one another. The respective coil carriers and electrode carriers are formed in one piece and as a respective circuit board. A respective arrangement of conductive material for shielding is provided between the first coil and the electrical conductor coaxial thereto and/or between the second coil and the electrical conductor coaxial thereto. The arrangement for the electrical shielding comprises bores in the circuit board in the radial region between the coil and the electrical conductor in which bores conductive material is located. The invention furthermore relates to a laser scanner having such a transmission apparatus in accordance with the invention.