Rotating Electric Machine Winding Pattern Switching
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional rotating electric machines face challenges in achieving optimal torque and temperature management across different operating ranges due to limitations in magnetic flux waveform control, leading to increased conductor losses and complexity from excessive switching components.
Innovation Solution
A rotating electric machine design that individually controls the amplitude and phase of current through phase conductors using a controller and H-bridge circuits, eliminating unnecessary conductor losses and allowing for adjustable magnetic flux waveforms without increasing the number of switches or switch controllers.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If conventional switching methods (serial-parallel switching, Y-Δ connection change) are used to change line voltage peak value and current density, then the operating range is extended, but the gap magnetic flux density waveform cannot be changed and torque ripple cannot be reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the physical parameters of the magnetic flux waveform by switching between distributed winding and concentrated winding patterns. This allows direct control of the gap magnetic flux density waveform shape, enabling torque ripple reduction while maintaining extended operating range through the same winding structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent dynamically switches between different winding patterns (distributed and concentrated) based on operating conditions. This dynamic reconfiguration allows the system to adapt to different operating ranges while simultaneously optimizing the magnetic flux waveform to reduce torque ripple, resolving the contradiction between adaptability and harmful factors.
2Object-generated harmful factors
If short-pitch winding is used to approximate sinusoidal gap magnetic flux distribution, then torque ripple is reduced, but magnetic flux use efficiency decreases and more current is required
Solution Approach 1:
The patent dynamically switches between short-pitch distributed winding (for low load, torque ripple reduction) and full-pitch concentrated winding (for high load, efficient current utilization). This dynamic adaptation allows the system to minimize torque ripple when needed while maximizing magnetic flux use efficiency under high load conditions, resolving the contradiction between reducing harmful factors and energy loss.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the winding parameters (pitch and distribution) based on operating conditions. By switching winding patterns, the system optimizes the balance between torque ripple reduction and magnetic flux use efficiency, allowing short-pitch benefits to be realized only when torque ripple is the primary concern.
3Adaptability or versatility
If different magnetic flux waveforms are reproduced by changing current amplitude and phase in distributed or concentrated winding, then optimal characteristics are achieved at each operating point, but useless conductors are created that generate conductor loss without contributing to torque
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses dynamic switching between pre-defined winding patterns rather than continuous current adjustment. This ensures that all conductors remain useful by maintaining proper magnetic flux cancellation relationships, eliminating useless conductors while still achieving characteristic optimization through pattern switching.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the winding into distinct patterns (distributed and concentrated) that can be switched between. Each pattern is designed to be fully efficient with no useless conductors, allowing the system to achieve optimization by selecting the appropriate segment rather than creating inefficient intermediate states.
4Adaptability or versatility
If conventional switching methods are used to change winding configuration, then operating range is extended, but the number of switches and switch controllers increases significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses a universal switching mechanism that controls current direction and magnitude to achieve multiple winding patterns. This multi-functional approach extends operating range without requiring separate switching circuits for each pattern, significantly reducing the number of switches and controllers compared to conventional methods.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design enables a low-loss, efficient operating range with optimized characteristics at each operating point, reducing torque ripple and improving magnetic flux use efficiency while maintaining a compact and simplified machine structure.
Implementation Method 1
A rotating electric machine capable of switching the amplitude and phase of current passing through armature conductors depending on the operating state thereof
Implementation Method 2
different characteristics are required of a rotating electric machine... torque ripple or current ripple is relatively large for output torque
Data Source
AI summary
One end of each of phase conductors wound around a stator core in a wave winding arrangement is connected to a positive electrode terminal of a DC power supply through a first positive electrode side switch and is connected to a negative electrode terminal of the DC power supply through a second negative electrode side switch. The other end of the phase conductor is connected to the negative electrode terminal of the DC power supply through a first negative electrode side switch and is connected to the positive electrode terminal of the DC power supply through a second positive electrode side switch. The first positive electrode side switch, the second negative electrode side switch, the first negative electrode side switch, and the second positive electrode side switch are controlled by a controller, whereby amplitude and phase of current passing through each of the phase conductors are individually controlled.