Rotating Penetrating Nozzle for Closed-Space Fire Surface Coverage

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Traditional methods for extinguishing fires in closed spaces, such as smoke diving, are risky, physically demanding, and expose personnel to carcinogens, while existing penetrating nozzles inefficiently wet only a small proportion of the room's surfaces.

Innovation Solution

A rotating penetrating nozzle with a controlled spray direction is used to extinguish fires from outside the space, allowing the nozzle to be inserted through a small opening and direct water or extinguishing agent effectively to all surfaces by rotating the tip and pipe, reducing the need for personnel entry and minimizing oxygen supply to the fire.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If smoke diving is used to extinguish fires in closed spaces, then the fire can be extinguished effectively, but the personnel are exposed to carcinogens and physical stress

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefire extinguishing effectivenessVSAvoidexposure to carcinogens and physical stress
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

A penetrating nozzle is introduced as an intermediary device between the firefighter and the fire. The nozzle can be inserted through a small opening in the window frame, allowing extinguishing agents to be delivered directly to the fire source without requiring personnel to enter the hazardous environment. This mediator enables effective fire suppression while keeping firefighters outside the contaminated space.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Object-affected harmful factors

If traditional penetrating nozzles are used, then personnel safety is improved, but only a small proportion of the room's surfaces are wetted

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepersonnel safetyVSAvoidsurface coverage efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The penetrating nozzle incorporates a rotating component at its end that enables dynamic adjustment of the spray direction. By rotating the nozzle, firefighters can systematically scan and wet all surfaces in the room over time, transforming a static limited-coverage system into a dynamic comprehensive-coverage system while maintaining personnel safety.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The invention adds rotational movement as a new dimension to the spray delivery system. Instead of a fixed nozzle pointing in one direction, the rotating mechanism enables the spray to cover a three-dimensional space by sweeping through different angles, thereby increasing surface coverage from a limited area to the entire room volume.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

3Ease of operation

If the door is opened for traditional fire extinguishing, then access is improved, but the fire receives more air and burning is accelerated

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaccess to burning spaceVSAvoidcombustion intensity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The invention extracts the need for large openings from the fire suppression process. Instead of requiring door-level access that would supply abundant oxygen to the fire, the penetrating nozzle is delivered through a small opening in the window frame. This extracts only the minimum necessary aperture, maintaining fire suppression effectiveness while preventing the oxygen influx that would accelerate combustion.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The nozzle efficiently extinguishes fires by directing the extinguishing agent to all surfaces, reducing the risk to firefighters and preventing oxygen supply, while maintaining a safe and effective extinguishing process.

Implementation Method 1

the extinguishing agent also evaporates effectively

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEvaporation: Evaporation

Implementation Method 2

effectively cooling the fire gases

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCooling: Cooling

Implementation Method 3

a turning nozzle head is constructed which produces a spray of water suitable for extinguishing a fire

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFluid spray: Fluid Spray

Data Source

PatentEP4234046B1Directable penetrating nozzle for extinguishing fires
Publication Date: 2025.12.10 FIRE & RESCUE INNOVATION FINLAND FRIF OY
  • EP4234046B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2

AI summary

Penetrating nozzle (10) for extinguishing a burning object. The penetrating nozzle comprises coupler (1) for extinguishing agent adapted to be connected to the source of extinguishing agent, pipe section (5), and nozzle head (7) at the end of pipe section (5), thereby forming a flow channel for the extinguishing agent from coupler (1) for extinguishing agent to nozzle head (7). Penetrating nozzle further comprises control device (6), which can be used to turn nozzle head (7) with respect to the longitudinal axis of pipe section (5).