Rotating Pyrolysis Chamber for Plastic Waste Oil Extraction
Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional pyrolysis systems for waste plastic materials have low economical efficiency due to low oil extraction yield and high operational costs, leading to environmental pollution and increased energy imports, with existing systems being inefficient in gas collection and separation.
Innovation Solution
An oil extraction system comprising a primary pyrolysis chamber, a secondary pyrolysis chamber, a condenser, and an oil-water separator, utilizing gas suction pipes with bent ends to enhance gas collection and separation, and a rotation device to improve pyrolysis efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If conventional pyrolysis systems are used, then waste plastic materials can be processed, but oil extraction yield is low and economical efficiency is poor
Solution Approach 1:
The pyrolysis process is divided into two distinct chambers: a primary pyrolysis chamber for initial decomposition and a secondary pyrolysis chamber for further processing. This segmentation allows each chamber to be optimized for its specific function, improving overall oil extraction yield while reducing energy losses associated with single-chamber systems.
Solution Approach 2:
The primary pyrolysis chamber is designed to rotate within the furnace, dynamically changing its position relative to the heat source. This rotation ensures uniform heating and efficient gas production, thereby improving oil extraction yield and reducing energy consumption compared to static chamber designs.
2Productivity
If gas is collected through simple pipes, then gas can be transported, but gas collection efficiency is low and oil production is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The gas suction pipes are designed with bent ends instead of straight configurations. This curvature allows the pipes to conform to the rotational movement of the primary pyrolysis chamber while maintaining effective gas suction, improving gas collection efficiency without requiring complex articulated joints or multiple pipes.
3Ease of manufacture
If pre-melting device is added to convert waste plastic materials, then material processing is improved, but gas is partially lost and oil extraction yield decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The pre-melting function is extracted from the main pyrolysis process and integrated into the primary pyrolysis chamber itself. By removing the separate pre-melting step and its associated gas loss problems, the system maintains material processing effectiveness while preserving oil extraction yield through direct pyrolysis of the waste plastic materials.
4Productivity
If conventional waste treatment systems are used, then waste can be treated, but system size is huge and operational costs are high
Solution Approach 1:
Multiple functions are merged into the primary pyrolysis chamber: waste plastic material processing, pyrolysis, gas generation, and gas suction all occur within this single integrated chamber. This consolidation eliminates the need for separate pre-melting devices, multiple processing chambers, and extensive piping systems, thereby reducing overall system size and operational costs while maintaining waste treatment capability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system increases oil extraction yield, reduces waste treatment costs, prevents environmental pollution, and decreases energy imports by efficiently collecting and processing pyrolyzed gas, thereby improving the economical efficiency of the process.
Implementation Method 1
a primary pyrolysis chamber (20) for pyrolyzing the waste, that can be loaded on the top of a carrier (25') moving on rails (25)
Implementation Method 2
a condenser (60) for liquefying the gas separated from the secondary pyrolysis chamber (50) by condensing and forming mixture of produced oil and water
Implementation Method 3
an oil- water separator (70) for separating the produced oil and water condensed in the condenser (60)
Implementation Method 4
a rotation device (40) for rotating the primary pyrolysis chamber (20) located in the burning room (30) of the furnace (30)
Implementation Method 5
gas suction pipes (24) formed with bent ends in the primary pyrolysis chamber (20)
Data Source
AI summary
An oil extraction system and method for pyrolyzing waste plastic materials are disclosed. The oil extraction system includes: a waste feeding device for supplying waste plastic materials contained in a hopper to a primary pyrolysis chamber through a feed inlet, wherein the primary pyrolysis chamber pyrolyzes the supplied waste plastic materials; a double jacket furnace having a burner and for heating the primary pyrolysis chamber loaded into a burning room of the furnace; a rotation device for rotating the primary pyrolysis chamber loaded into the burning room of the furnace; a secondary pyrolysis chamber for re-pyrolyzing gas produced in the primary pyrolysis chamber, and for separating carbides and residue; a condenser for liquefying the gas separated from the secondary plyrolysis chamber by compression and forming oil; and an oil-water separator for separating oil and water condensed in the condenser.