Rotating Substrate for Automated Sample Washing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current sample analysis techniques involving complex reaction steps, such as enzymatic and immunoreactions, require manual or complex mechanical processes for multiple washes, which are inefficient and labor-intensive.
Innovation Solution
A substrate for sample analysis with rotational motion, featuring chambers and channels designed for capillary action and centrifugal force transfer, allowing for automated and efficient movement of liquids between chambers for multiple washes and separation processes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If manual or complex mechanical processes are used for multiple washes in sample analysis, then the analysis can be performed, but the process becomes labor-intensive and inefficient
Solution Approach 1:
The substrate performs washing operations automatically through its own rotational motion, eliminating the need for external washing mechanisms or manual intervention. The reaction chamber rotates to sequentially position different chambers under the sample introduction port, enabling self-contained multiple wash cycles
Solution Approach 2:
The substrate transitions from a static structure to a dynamically rotating platform, allowing different chambers to be positioned at different angular locations during rotation. This dynamic motion enables automated liquid transfer and multiple wash operations without complex mechanical washing devices
2Extent of automation
If automated rotational motion is implemented for liquid transfer, then manual intervention is reduced, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The rotational motion of the substrate serves multiple functions simultaneously: it positions chambers for liquid introduction, enables centrifugal liquid transfer, performs washing operations, and facilitates separation processes. This single rotational mechanism replaces what would otherwise require multiple separate mechanical systems
Solution Approach 2:
The substrate integrates multiple chambers (reaction chamber, storage chambers, waste chamber) and multiple operational functions (liquid introduction, transfer, washing, separation) into a single rotating platform. This consolidation reduces the overall device complexity by eliminating the need for separate mechanisms for each function
3Ease of manufacture
If capillary action is used for filling channels, then the filling process is simplified, but control over liquid transfer becomes more difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces active mechanical liquid transfer mechanisms (pumps, valves) with passive capillary action for channel filling. The channels are designed with specific dimensions and surface properties that enable automatic liquid uptake through capillary forces, simplifying the manufacturing process
Solution Approach 2:
The rotational motion creates periodic conditions that control capillary liquid transfer. During specific rotational phases, the channels are positioned to allow capillary filling, while at other phases, centrifugal forces prevent overflow. This periodic positioning provides control over the capillary filling process
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables automated and efficient performance of complex reaction steps and multiple washes, reducing manual intervention and equipment complexity, thereby improving the analysis of analyte components.
Implementation Method 1
a first channel being located in the substrate and having a path connecting the first chamber and the second chamber, the first channel being capable of being filled via capillary action with the liquid retained in the first space
Implementation Method 2
substrate for sample analysis on which transfer of a liquid is to occur with rotational motion
Data Source
AI summary
A substrate for sample analysis has a rotation axis, a first chamber having a first space for retaining a liquid, a second chamber having a second space for retaining the liquid to be discharged from the first chamber, and a first channel having a path connecting the first chamber and the second chamber. The first space includes a first portion and a second portion, and a coupling portion located between the first and second portions. The substrate includes a wall portion partitioning the first and second portions from each other. The second chamber is more distant from the rotation axis than is the first portion. The coupling portion is closer to the rotation axis than is the wall portion. The second portion at least includes a portion which is more distant from the rotation axis than is the first portion.