Rotational Atherectomy Head With Offset Centroid for Bidirectional Abrasion
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional rotational atherectomy devices face issues such as poor atherectomy performance, risk of the rotating abrasive head getting stuck in vascular plaques, inefficient bidirectional abrading, and the need for multiple abrasive heads of varying sizes, leading to increased surgical time and risk of blood vessel damage.
Innovation Solution
A rotational atherectomy device with a rotating abrasive head disposed at the distal end of the drive shaft, featuring a centroid offset from the hollow cavity axis, allowing for adjustable diameter and bidirectional abrading, and a single abrasive head with varying diameters for efficient lesion removal.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If the rotating abrasive head is disposed over a middle section of the drive shaft, then the drive shaft can push it forward into contact with the plaque, but the distal drive shaft section must be screwed or pushed through the stenotic lesion first, leading to poor atherectomy performance and crossability
Solution Approach 1:
The device is divided into two functional segments: a drive shaft for delivery and a separate rotating abrasive head for atherectomy. The rotating abrasive head is disposed at the distal end of the drive shaft, allowing the abrasive function to be separated from the delivery mechanism. This enables the rotating abrasive head to directly contact and abrade the lesion without requiring the distal drive shaft section to be screwed or pushed through the stenotic lesion first.
Solution Approach 2:
Instead of having the rotating abrasive head positioned over a middle section of the drive shaft, the invention inverts the arrangement by placing the rotating abrasive head at the distal end of the drive shaft. This inversion allows the abrasive head to be the leading element that contacts the lesion first, eliminating the need for the distal drive shaft section to be screwed or pushed through the stenotic lesion, thereby improving both atherectomy performance and crossability.
2Ease of operation
If the distal drive shaft section is screwed or pushed through the stenotic lesion, then the rotating abrasive head can be brought into contact with the lesion, but the distal drive shaft section may get stuck in the stenotic lesion, causing damage to the blood vessel
Solution Approach 1:
The device separates the delivery function (drive shaft) from the abrasive function (rotating abrasive head). The rotating abrasive head is disposed at the distal end of the drive shaft, allowing it to contact and abrade the lesion without requiring the distal drive shaft section to be screwed or pushed through the stenotic lesion. This segmentation eliminates the risk of the distal drive shaft section getting stuck and causing blood vessel damage.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention inverts the conventional arrangement by placing the rotating abrasive head at the distal end of the drive shaft rather than over a middle section. This inversion allows the rotating abrasive head to be the leading element that contacts the lesion first, eliminating the need for the distal drive shaft section to be screwed or pushed through the stenotic lesion, thereby preventing blood vessel damage.
3Productivity
If the rotating abrasive head is coated with abrasive material only on part of its surface, then it can abrade the lesion while being pushed forward, but it cannot abrade the lesion while being retracted back
Solution Approach 1:
The rotating abrasive head is coated with abrasive material on its entire outer surface, including both the distal and proximal surfaces. This uniform coating ensures that the rotating abrasive head can abrade the lesion effectively in both forward and backward directions, providing bidirectional atherectomy capability and improving overall productivity.
4Reliability
If multiple rotating abrasive heads of varying sizes are used sequentially, then the atherectomy can be performed with optimal abrasion, but frequent interchanging of devices is required, increasing surgical time and risk
Solution Approach 1:
The rotating abrasive head is designed with an adjustable diameter that can be modified during the atherectomy procedure. This dynamic adjustability allows the same device to perform atherectomy on lesions of varying sizes without requiring frequent interchanging of devices, thereby reducing surgical time while maintaining optimal atherectomy quality.
Solution Approach 2:
The rotating abrasive head is designed with a universal structure that can accommodate different abrasive material coatings and diameter adjustments. This multi-functionality allows a single device to perform atherectomy on lesions of varying sizes and characteristics, eliminating the need for frequent interchanging of multiple specialized devices and reducing surgical time.
5Productivity
If a large rotating abrasive head diameter is used, then the atherectomy can be performed effectively, but it may block blood flow in the stenotic blood vessel and distal flow of liquid coolant and lubricant
Solution Approach 1:
The rotating abrasive head is designed with an adjustable diameter that can be optimized for each specific lesion. This dynamic adjustability allows the device to achieve effective atherectomy while minimizing the risk of blocking blood flow or distal flow of liquid coolant and lubricant, especially in narrow or severely stenotic vessels.
Solution Approach 2:
The rotating abrasive head features a tapered structure with different diameters at different locations. The distal end has a smaller diameter that can be adjusted to match the lesion size, while the proximal end has a larger diameter for effective abrasion. This local quality variation allows effective atherectomy without excessive blockage of blood flow or coolant flow.
6Adaptability or versatility
If multiple rotating abrasive heads are disposed eccentrically on the drive shaft, then the atherectomy can be performed with varying diameters, but the angular momenta vary during atherectomy, leading to uncontrolled movement of the rotating abrasive heads
Solution Approach 1:
The rotating abrasive head is designed with an adjustable diameter mechanism that allows dynamic adaptation to different lesion sizes. The rotating abrasive head is positioned at the distal end of the drive shaft with the capability to adjust its diameter during the procedure, providing versatility while maintaining stable and controlled movement through proper positioning and adjustment mechanisms.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enhances atherectomy performance, reduces surgical risk by avoiding vessel damage, and shortens procedure time through controlled centrifugation and bidirectional abrading capabilities.
Implementation Method 1
which can remove a calcified or fibrotic atherosclerotic plaque within a blood vessel by high-speed rotation and abrasion
Implementation Method 2
a centroid of a structure consisting of the rotating abrasive head and the connecting portion connected thereto does not coincide with center axes of the hollow cavities
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to a rotational atherectomy apparatus and a rotational atherectomy device. The rotational atherectomy apparatus includes a drive device and the rotational atherectomy device. The drive device is coupled to a drive shaft of the rotational atherectomy device in order to actuate rotation of the rotational atherectomy device. The rotational atherectomy device is used for vascular surgery and includes the drive shaft and a rotating abrasive head. The drive shaft has a distal connecting portion coupled to the rotating abrasive head. The rotating abrasive head and the drive shaft separately define hollow cavities axially extending therethrough. The hollow cavities are configured for insertion of a guide body therethrough. A centroid of a structure consisting of the rotating abrasive head and the connecting portion coupled thereto does not coincide with center axes of the hollow cavities. The present invention can reduce the risk of a surgical procedure using the rotational atherectomy apparatus to recanalize a blood vessel occluded by a lesion. It can also make the surgical procedure easier to perform.