Rotational Flow Coupling for Ultra-Clean Desulphurization
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current flue gas desulphurization and dedusting technologies face low efficiency due to short gas-liquid contact time, complex structures, and high operating costs, with existing systems failing to achieve deep desulphurization, dedusting, and demisting, especially in large coal-fired boilers, leading to significant dust and pollution emissions.
Innovation Solution
A rotational flow and sink flow coupling integrated system with a spray layer, slurry pool, and tube bundle-type dedusting and demisting device, which enhances gas-liquid contact through rotational flow and sink flow coupling, and turbulent flow rotors to achieve efficient desulphurization and dedusting, reducing sulfur dioxide and dust emissions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If empty tower spray technology is used to achieve high desulphurization efficiency, then high liquid-gas ratio and multi-layer spraying are required, but the system complexity and operating costs increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines desulphurization and dedusting functions into a single integrated device. The rotational flow coupling device creates both vertical and rotational gas-liquid contact patterns simultaneously, achieving deep desulphurization while the centrifugal force generated removes dust and droplets, eliminating the need for separate demister equipment
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces rotational motion to the traditional vertical spray system. The gas-liquid rotational flow coupling device rotates the slurry spray to create centrifugal force, dynamically enhancing both desulphurization contact time and dust removal efficiency without requiring increased liquid-gas ratio or multiple towers
2Duration of action of moving object
If empty tower spray technology is used, then flue gas has short residence duration, but desulphurization efficiency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The rotational flow coupling device introduces rotational motion to the vertical upward gas flow, creating a spiral trajectory that significantly extends the residence time of flue gas in the absorption zone. The centrifugal force generated by rotation enhances gas-liquid mixing and contact efficiency, achieving deep desulphurization within the same tower height without requiring increased gas flow rates
3Object-affected harmful factors
If conventional demisters are used, then only large droplets with particle diameter of 15 μm or more can be removed, but fine slurry droplets result in high dust emission
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces conventional passive demister structures with an active rotational flow coupling system. The centrifugal force generated by rotation creates a dynamic separation mechanism that effectively removes fine droplets and dust particles through centrifugal separation and liquid film condensation on the tower wall, achieving ultra-low dust emission without conventional demister equipment
4Device complexity
If cyclone tower with tangential air inlet is used, then structure becomes complex and is prone to filth formation, but desulphurization efficiency is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses a simplified vertical spray tower structure enhanced by rotational flow coupling. Instead of complex tangential inlet structures, the system introduces rotation dynamically through the coupling device, achieving effective gas-liquid contact and dust removal with a much simpler tower structure that is easier to clean and maintain
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system achieves high desulphurization efficiency of 99% or more, with sulfur dioxide concentrations reduced to 30mg/Nm³ or less, and dust content to 5mg/Nm³ or less, while being cost-effective and energy-efficient, with reduced operating resistance and minimal risk of blockages.
Implementation Method 1
the rotational flow rotor comprising an inner cylinder body and rotational flow blades... generating rotational flow and sink flow coupling
Implementation Method 2
the tube bundle-type dedusting and demisting device comprises a plurality of dedusting and demisting units, each of which comprises a flow guiding cylinder and a number of turbulent flow rotors provided inside the flow guiding cylinder
Implementation Method 3
wherein a water baffle ring is provided on the inner wall of the flow guiding cylinder of the bundle-type dedusting and demisting device, for forming a liquid film containing steady amount of liquid
Implementation Method 4
a spray layer mounted in a tower body... enhances gas-liquid contact through rotational flow and sink flow coupling
Data Source
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AI summary
Provided is a rotational flow and sink flow coupling integrated system for ultra-clean desulphurization and dedusting and a desulphurization and dedusting method therefor. The system includes a spray layer (3), a slurry pool (5) and a circulating pump, and further comprises a rotational flow and sink flow coupling device (4) and a tube bundle-type dedusting and demisting device (2), wherein the rotational flow and sink flow coupling device (4) is mounted above the slurry pool (5) and below the spray layer (3), the tube bundle-type dedusting and demisting device (2) is arranged on the top of a tower body (1), and the rotational flow and sink flow coupling device (4) includes a plurality of rotational flow and sink flow coupling units (41) and supporting beams (42) for supporting the rotational flow and sink flow coupling device (4) which are located therebelow, each rotational flow and sink flow coupling unit (41) includes a rotational flow cylinder (44), a rotational flow rotor (43) and a flow guiding device (45), the rotational flow rotor (43) including an inner cylinder body (431) and rotational flow blades (432), and an inner diameter of the flow guiding device (45) at a position where the flue gas flows out is less than that at a position where the flue gas flows in. The tube bundle-type dedusting and demisting device (2) includes a plurality of dedusting and demisting units, each dedusting and demisting unit including a flow guiding cylinder (21) and an n number of turbulent flow rotors (22) provided inside the flow guiding cylinder (21), the turbulent flow rotors (22) being disposed up and down perpendicularly to the wall of the flow guiding cylinder (21).