Wind Turbine Rotor Blade Deformation Detection via Angular Measurement

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Solution Overview

Problem

The challenge lies in accurately predicting and measuring deformations of wind turbine rotor blades due to various forces, including weight, aerodynamic loads, and tower pre-dam pulsating forces, which complicates fatigue damage prediction and optimization of wind turbine regulation.

Innovation Solution

A device comprising an angle measuring system with a first and second component group, an arm, and a material measure, where the arm is connected to the rotor blade orthogonally to the axis, allowing for precise measurement of relative angular position changes, and using a photosensitive or inductive scanning principle for accurate deformation detection.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If a distance sensor as a linear element is used to detect rotor blade deformations, then the measurement can be performed with a simple sensor setup, but the measurement precision and reliability under complex loading conditions is insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedeformation measurement precisionVSAvoidsensor system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the linear distance sensor with an angular measurement system that converts linear deformation measurement into angular measurement. The arm connected to the rotor blade at a distance from the measurement point creates a lever arm, transforming the difficult-to-measure linear displacement into an easier-to-measure angular displacement, thereby improving measurement precision while maintaining reasonable device complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention transitions from one-dimensional linear measurement to two-dimensional angular measurement by introducing an arm that extends perpendicular to the rotor blade axis. This dimensional change allows the measurement system to capture deformation more accurately by measuring the angle formed by the arm as the blade deforms

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Measurement precision

If the connection point is arranged at a distance from the attachment point orthogonally to the axis, then the measurement accuracy is improved, but the device complexity increases due to the arm and mechanical coupling requirements

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedeformation detection accuracyVSAvoidmechanical coupling complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The arm serves as an intermediary element between the rotor blade and the angle measuring device. By positioning the connection point at a distance from the attachment point, the arm amplifies the deformation signal into a measurable angular displacement, improving measurement accuracy while the mechanical coupling translates this motion to the measurement system

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The system utilizes dynamic motion transformation, where the static arm structure becomes dynamically active during blade deformation. As the rotor blade deforms under load, the arm moves accordingly, converting the deformation into angular motion that can be measured by the angle measuring device, thereby improving detection accuracy

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables robust and reliable high-accuracy deformation measurement, facilitating better prediction of fatigue damage and optimization of wind turbine operation by providing precise load information and enabling digital signal processing for control integration.

Implementation Method 1

The angle measuring device has a first and a second component group, the first component group being arranged such that it can pivot about an axis relative to the second component group. The relative angular position between the first and the second component group can be measured by the angle measuring device.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAngular position measurement:

Implementation Method 2

The arm is mechanically coupled to the first component group at a radial distance from the axis, so that when the distance between the connection point and the fastening point changes, a relative pivoting movement can be generated between the first and the second component group.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMechanical coupling and lever arm principle: Lever

Data Source

PatentEP2876406B1Device for detecting deformations of a rotor blade of a wind turbine
Publication Date: 2018.08.15 DR JOHANNES HEIDENHAIN GMBH
  • EP2876406B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2876406B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP2876406B1 patent drawingFigure 5

AI summary

The invention relates to a device for detecting deformations of a wind turbine rotor blade and a corresponding rotor blade, comprising an angle measuring device which has a first and a second component group (1.1, 1.2) which are pivotably arranged relative to each other. The second component group (1.2) has a mounting point (1.23) which can be connected to the rotor blade (3). The device also includes an arm (2) which has a connection point (2.1) so that the arm (2) can be connected to the rotor blade (3) at this connection point. The connection point (2.1) is arranged at a distance (X) from the mounting point (1.23). The arm (2) is mechanically coupled to the first component group (1.1) at a radial distance (R) so that a relative pivoting movement between the first and the second component group (1.1, 1.2) can be generated when the distance (X) is changed. Furthermore, the invention relates to a rotor blade equipped with the device.