Rotor Rotation Detection via Sensor Decay Vector Analysis
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for detecting the direction of rotation and rotation of rotors, such as those used in consumption meters, face inaccuracies due to sensor variability, noise, and high energy consumption, particularly when distinguishing between forward and backward rotations and setting sampling frequencies according to the Shannon theorem.
Innovation Solution
The method standardizes sensor decay times by assigning +1 to maximum and -1 to minimum decay times, forming a vector in a two-dimensional coordinate system to track the rotor's angular position, allowing for precise direction and rotation detection, and dynamically adjusts the sampling frequency based on angular differences.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If the sampling frequency is increased to improve measurement precision, then the reliability of rotation detection is improved, but the energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic sampling frequency adjustment based on rotor state. When the rotor is stationary or rotating slowly, the sampling frequency is reduced to save energy. When the rotor rotates faster or transitions from stationary state, the sampling frequency increases to ensure accurate rotation detection. This dynamic adaptation resolves the contradiction between measurement precision and energy consumption.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the sampling frequency parameter adaptively based on operational conditions. By monitoring rotor movement and adjusting the sampling rate accordingly, the system maintains adequate measurement precision while minimizing energy consumption during low-activity periods. This parameter optimization directly addresses the trade-off between detection accuracy and power usage.
2Reliability
If multiple sensors are used to improve measurement reliability, then the reliability of rotation detection is improved, but the device complexity and energy consumption increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the output signals from multiple sensors through vector addition to form a resultant vector. This merging approach allows the system to utilize information from multiple sensors for improved reliability while avoiding the need for complex independent processing of each sensor. The combined vector provides robust rotation detection that is resilient to individual sensor failures or variations.
3Measurement precision
If the sampling frequency is set according to the Shannon theorem for maximum speed, then the measurement precision is improved, but the energy consumption increases significantly
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of using a fixed high sampling frequency determined by maximum expected speed, the patent dynamically adjusts the sampling frequency based on actual rotor conditions. The system monitors whether the rotor is stationary, rotating slowly, or rotating quickly, and adapts the sampling rate accordingly. This eliminates the need to continuously sample at the highest possible rate, significantly reducing energy consumption while maintaining adequate measurement precision for the actual operating conditions.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach reduces energy consumption by enabling more accurate detection of rotor direction and completion of revolutions with fewer sampling points, thereby lowering the required sampling frequency and improving measurement reliability.
Implementation Method 1
uses an LC resonant circuit that can be dampened by approaching an electrically conductive object
Implementation Method 2
inductive proximity sensors is widespread, which uses an LC resonant circuit
Data Source
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Figure 4~6
AI summary
The invention relates to a method for detecting the rotation and the direction of rotation of a rotor (1), on which at least one damping element is positioned, wherein two sensors (S1, S2) having a mutual distance are arranged at a slight distance from the rotor (1) and the damping element (D). The sensors (S1, S2) form resonant circuits, which are more or less damped depending on the position of the damping element (D). After a standardization has been performed, the measurements are taken by observing consecutive rotational angle positions in that the present decay times of the sensors (S1, S2) are measured in the rhythm of a scanning frequency and then the standardization rules are applied to the measured decay times of the sensors (S1, S2). Then a vector, which is entered into a coordinate system, is formed from said values. Subsequently, the present vector angle is determined and compared to the value of a suitable prior vector angle. From the result of the comparison, it is determined whether the rotor (1) has performed a rotation and whether said rotation was forward or backward. By repeating the measurements in the rhythm of the scanning frequency, the rotational motions of the rotor (1) can be detected with high accuracy.