Turbomachine Rotor Disk Cooling Slots Dual-Feed System
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing cooling systems for turbomachine rotor disks do not provide uniform cooling to all slots, leading to uneven cooling and potential damage from high-temperature gases, which affects the disk's operation and lifetime.
Innovation Solution
A dual-feed cooling system where air admission orifices at the upstream end of the diffusion cavity and additional openings at the downstream end of the retaining annulus supply cooling air to the slots, ensuring uniform cooling across the disk, with optional radial teeth to secure blade roots and enhance airflow.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If a single air admission orifice system is used to cool the slots, then the cooling circuit is simple, but the cooling uniformity across all slots is poor
Solution Approach 1:
The single air admission system is segmented into multiple air admission orifices distributed around the disk periphery. Each orifice supplies cooling air to specific slots in its vicinity, ensuring that all slots receive adequate cooling airflow. This segmentation resolves the contradiction by increasing cooling uniformity without significantly complicating the overall cooling circuit design.
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the disk are provided with locally optimized cooling through strategically positioned air admission orifices. Each orifice is located to serve specific slots, creating localized cooling zones that ensure uniform temperature distribution across the entire disk. This local quality approach improves cooling uniformity while maintaining circuit simplicity.
2Reliability
If slots are positioned directly in line with air speed orifices, then those specific slots receive excellent cooling, but other slots angularly offset receive insufficient cooling
Solution Approach 1:
The cooling system is segmented into multiple air admission orifices positioned at different angular locations around the disk. This segmentation ensures that slots at various angular positions all have access to cooling air, preventing the situation where only slots directly aligned with a single orifice receive adequate cooling. The segmentation approach balances cooling effectiveness across all slots.
Solution Approach 2:
The air admission orifices are positioned asymmetrically relative to the slots, with each orifice strategically located to optimize cooling for its designated slots. This asymmetric positioning, combined with the segmented approach, ensures that cooling effectiveness is distributed uniformly across all slots regardless of their angular position, resolving the contradiction between localized cooling effectiveness and overall uniformity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The dual-feed system achieves uniform cooling of all slots, thereby increasing the rotor disk's lifetime and operational reliability by ensuring consistent temperature management.
Implementation Method 1
Air that flows outside the flow section of the turbine penetrates into the diffusion cavity of the cooling circuit via orifices, diffuses in said cavity, and then ventilates the slots in the disk in order to cool them.
Implementation Method 2
Air that flows outside the flow section of the turbine penetrates into the diffusion cavity of the cooling circuit via orifices, diffuses in said cavity, and then ventilates the slots in the disk in order to cool them.
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to a device for cooling slots in a turbomachine rotor disk, comprising a rotor disk having a plurality of slots and a flange. The device also comprises blades, each having its root mounted in a respective slot, a retaining annulus having one end mounted against the upstream radial face of the disk, and a flange disposed around the flange of the disk and co-operating therewith to define a space forming a cooling air diffusion cavity that opens out into the bottom of each of the slots, together with air admission orifices opening out into the diffusion cavity at the upstream end thereof, the end of the retaining annulus that is mounted against the upstream radial face of the disk including a plurality of openings that open out radially into the bottom of each of the slots in the disk, at the upstream ends thereof.