Wind Turbine Rotor Hub Cooling via Blade Airflow Exchange

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Solution Overview

Problem

High temperatures within the hub of wind energy turbines due to heat energy losses and air flow from the nacelle, exceeding the temperature limits of components, particularly at higher ambient temperatures.

Innovation Solution

An air flow system that facilitates the exchange of air between the hub and rotor blades, using a fan to circulate heated air from the hub through the rotor blades, where it is cooled and returned, or passively utilizing the Venturi effect to draw ambient air for cooling, maintaining optimal temperature levels.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Power

If components such as pitch drives are installed in the hub, then the functionality and power of the wind turbine is improved, but heat generation increases and temperature inside the hub exceeds tolerable limits

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovepowerVSAvoidtemperature inside hub
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the harmful heat from the hub by introducing a cooling air flow that passes through the hub interior, carrying away excess heat generated by pitch drives and other components, thus removing the thermal problem while preserving the functional components

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses a pneumatic cooling system where cooled air is circulated through the hub interior via ducts and openings, using fluid (air) flow to remove heat and regulate temperature inside the hub

Inventive Principle:
Principle #29Pneumatics and hydraulics

2Device complexity

If the nacelle is positioned close to the hub, then the device complexity is reduced, but warm air from the nacelle propagates into the hub causing temperature increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedevice complexityVSAvoidtemperature inside hub
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces cooled air as an intermediary substance that flows through the hub, creating a thermal barrier between the warm nacelle environment and the hub interior, thus allowing close positioning without thermal damage

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent segments the hub interior into a cooled flow path using ducts and openings, separating the thermal zones to prevent warm air intrusion while maintaining structural integration

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

3Temperature

If cooling air flow is introduced through the hub, then the temperature control is improved, but the device complexity increases due to additional components

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetemperature controlVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent makes the rotor blades multi-functional by using their existing internal structures (spar caps, shear webs) as cooling air passages, thus achieving temperature control without adding dedicated cooling components

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent merges the structural elements of the rotor blade (spar caps, shear webs) with the cooling system, combining structural support functions with thermal management functions in the same components

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Effectively cools or heats the hub to maintain components at optimal temperatures, extending their lifespan and enabling more feasible installations at higher altitudes and high-temperature sites, while reducing temperature extremes within the hub.

Implementation Method 1

an air flow means for causing air to flow from inside the hub out of the hub and into the inner space of the at least one rotor blade

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectConvection: Convection

Implementation Method 2

passively utilizing the Venturi effect to draw ambient air for cooling

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectVenturi effect: Venturi Effect

Data Source

PatentEP1788239B1Rotor for a wind energy turbine and method for controlling the temperature inside a rotor hub
Publication Date: 2014.01.08 GENERAL ELECTRIC CO
  • EP1788239B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP1788239B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3

AI summary

A rotor (16) for a wind energy turbine (10) includes a hub (18) defining an inner space (34) and at least one rotor blade (20) defining an inner space and having a tip (22) and a root (24) attached to the hub. The inner spaces of the hub and the at least one rotor blade are in fluid communication. The rotor further includes air flow (26) means for causing air to flow out of the hub and into the at least one rotor blade.