Rotor Sensor Shoulder Absorbing G-Load for Pressure Measurement
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing turbine engine pressure sensors struggle to accurately measure both static and dynamic pressures at radial distances from the rotor centerline due to high gravitational loads and the limitations of wave-guides, which restrict measurements to static conditions and are prone to leaks or broken connections.
Innovation Solution
A cylindrical sensor with a shoulder portion for absorbing gravitational loading, coupled to a communication system, is strategically positioned on the rotor to measure static and/or dynamic pressures, and secured by a probe holder that withstands high g-loads and extreme temperatures, allowing for accurate data transmission via a wired or wireless system.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a pressure sensor is positioned at a radial distance from the rotor centerline to measure pressures at the point of interest, then the measurement location is optimized, but the sensor is subjected to high gravitational loads that can cause failure
Solution Approach 1:
The sensor assembly is segmented into distinct functional components: the sensing element, the shoulder portion for g-load absorption, and the strain relief mechanism. This segmentation allows each component to specialize in its function - the sensing element measures pressure while the shoulder absorbs gravitational loading, preventing the sensor from failing under high g-loads
Solution Approach 2:
The shoulder portion is designed beforehand to absorb gravitational loading before it can reach the sensor. This pre-cushioning mechanism protects the sensor from the full force of high g-loads during rotor operation, ensuring reliability while maintaining measurement precision at radial distances from the centerline
2Reliability
If a wave-guide is used to route pressure signals from the sensor to the measurement point, then the sensor can be protected from the harsh environment, but dynamic pressure measurements cannot be obtained due to the large volume of air dampening pressure waves
Solution Approach 1:
The harmful element (large volume of air in the wave-guide) is extracted from the measurement path. Instead of using a long wave-guide that dampens pressure waves, the sensor is positioned directly at the measurement point, eliminating the air column that prevents dynamic pressure measurement while the probe holder provides environmental protection
Solution Approach 2:
The probe holder acts as an intermediary structure that provides environmental protection without requiring a wave-guide. It secures the sensor at the measurement point and provides strain relief, allowing direct pressure measurement while protecting the sensor from the harsh turbine environment
3Measurement precision
If a rigid tube is routed through slots and holes in the rotor to connect the sensor, then the sensor can be positioned at the measurement point, but the routing process is difficult and may result in leaks or broken connections
Solution Approach 1:
The sensor mounting and sealing functions are merged into a single integrated probe holder assembly. The probe holder combines the mounting structure, sealing mechanism, and strain relief features into one component that is installed as a single unit, eliminating the need for separate routing operations through slots and holes
Solution Approach 2:
The probe holder serves multiple functions simultaneously: it secures the sensor at the measurement point, provides sealing to prevent leaks, offers strain relief to prevent broken connections, and enables easy installation. This multi-functionality simplifies manufacturing and installation while ensuring measurement accuracy
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables the measurement of both static and dynamic pressures, extending the life of gas turbines by validating cooling air flow and measuring acoustic phenomena, which cannot be detected by stator-mounted sensors, and preventing short circuits through strain relief mechanisms.
Implementation Method 1
at least one of the first and the second opposing ends being formed to define a shoulder portion for absorbing gravitational loading
Implementation Method 2
The environment within the turbine section and around or on the rotor is, therefore, characterized by relatively high gravitational loads (g-loads)
Data Source
AI summary
A sensor is provided and includes a body disposed at a point of measurement interest on a rotor at a radial distance from a centerline thereof and having a substantially cylindrical shape and first and second opposing ends and a sensing end coupled to one of the first and second opposing ends, the other of the first and second opposing ends being coupled to a communication system, the sensing end including a sensing device configured to generate a signal reflective of a detected condition at the point of measurement interest, and at least one of the first and the second opposing ends being formed to define a shoulder portion for absorbing gravitational loading.