Rotorcraft Torque Calibration via Aerodynamic Reference

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Solution Overview

Problem

Traditional methods for calibrating torque measurement systems in rotorcraft require a zero-torque condition, which is time-consuming, costly, and poses safety hazards, especially when measuring tail rotor torque.

Innovation Solution

A system and method for calibrating torque measurements using a reference operating condition with a known, non-zero torque, employing a torque model that accounts for operational and atmospheric conditions to estimate torque precisely.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If traditional zero-torque calibration method is used, then measurement precision is improved, but maintenance time and cost increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetorque measurement calibration accuracyVSAvoidmaintenance time
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the calibration parameter from zero-torque condition to a known non-zero torque condition. By using a reference operating condition where the torque is known (such as when rotor blades are at a specific pitch angle), the system can perform calibration without requiring complete disassembly and zero-load conditions, thus reducing maintenance time while maintaining measurement precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent performs preliminary estimation of the reference torque using aerodynamic models and operational parameters before actual calibration. This preliminary action allows the system to prepare calibration data in advance during normal operation, eliminating the need for time-consuming zero-torque setup procedures.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Measurement precision

If traditional zero-torque calibration method is used, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity and maintenance cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetorque measurement calibration accuracyVSAvoidcalibration procedure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent simplifies the calibration procedure by changing from zero-torque conditions to known non-zero torque conditions. This parameter change eliminates the need for removing rotor blades and creating artificial zero-load conditions, thereby reducing device complexity and maintenance cost while preserving measurement precision through aerodynamic modeling.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces the mechanical approach of physically removing components to achieve zero torque with an aerodynamic modeling approach. By using computational models to estimate reference torque based on operational parameters, the system substitutes complex mechanical disassembly procedures with simpler computational methods.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Measurement precision

If traditional zero-torque calibration method is used, then measurement precision is improved, but safety hazards increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetorque measurement calibration accuracyVSAvoidsafety hazards
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the calibration condition parameter from zero-torque (requiring rotor removal) to known non-zero torque (normal operation). This parameter change eliminates safety hazards associated with operating aircraft without essential components like tail rotors, while maintaining measurement precision through aerodynamic reference models.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent converts the previously harmful condition of operating without full rotor assembly into a beneficial calibration opportunity. By using normal operational conditions with known torque characteristics as the calibration reference, the system turns what was previously a safety risk into a safe and efficient calibration method.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

Data Source

PatentEP4113089B1System and method for calibrating torque measurements
Publication Date: 2025.03.05 TEXTRON INNOVATIONS INC
  • EP4113089B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4113089B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4113089B1 patent drawingFigure 3A

AI summary

A torque measurement system determines torque on a shaft (301) by monitoring angular deflection of the shaft (301) under load using phase shift measurements (314, 315). Calibration of the system uses a defined offset that is determined using a reference operating condition. The offset calibration value is determined for a rotorcraft using the following steps: defining a reference operational condition in which the shaft is rotating, estimating the torque at the reference condition based on aerodynamic knowledge of the rotors coupled to the shaft, operating the shaft at the reference operational condition, capturing sensor data to determine the phase difference at the operational condition, and associating the phase difference and an estimated torque as a calibration value to enable calculation of torque in the torque measurement system.