Display Substrate Row-Gap Photosensor Layout for Brightness Uniformity
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional liquid crystal display devices experience a reduction in aperture opening ratio due to the placement of photosensors, leading to brightness differences between adjacent rows, which affects uniformity and efficiency in fingerprint recognition applications.
Innovation Solution
The display substrate design includes sub-pixels arranged in pixel groups with first gate lines in first row gaps and photosensors with orthographic projections covering second row gaps, allowing for reduced second row gap width and adaptive first row gap reduction to maintain uniform brightness and increase aperture opening ratio.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If photosensors are placed in the display substrate, then fingerprint recognition function is enabled, but aperture opening ratio is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent utilizes the row gap dimension (vertical spacing between pixel rows) to place photosensors, rather than occupying pixel area in the horizontal plane. By positioning photosensors to cover second row gaps completely and partially overlap with sub-pixels, the design enables fingerprint recognition functionality without significantly reducing the aperture opening ratio of the display area.
2Illumination intensity
If photosensors cover second row gaps completely, then uniform brightness is maintained, but manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple functions into the photosensor structure: it serves as both the fingerprint recognition sensor and the light-shielding element for row gaps. By integrating the light-shielding function into the photosensor itself rather than adding separate mask structures, the design maintains uniform brightness across pixel rows while avoiding additional manufacturing processes.
3Ease of operation
If first gate lines are arranged in first row gaps, then sub-pixel control is improved, but row gap width must be increased
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the gate line control function by placing two first gate lines at each first row gap, with each gate line controlling one row of sub-pixels. This segmentation allows for precise independent control of adjacent pixel rows while maintaining compact row gap dimensions, as the dual gate line arrangement optimizes the use of available space in the row gap region.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enhances the aperture opening ratio, ensuring uniform brightness across rows and improving the efficiency of fingerprint recognition while maintaining a thin design and avoiding the need for additional mask processes.
Implementation Method 1
a plurality of photosensors, orthographic projections of each row of photosensors on the base substrate completely covering a second row gap in the pixel group, and partially overlapping with orthographic projections of the sub-pixels
Data Source
AI summary
A display substrate includes: a base substrate (100); a plurality of sub-pixels (R, G, B) located on the base substrate (100), every two rows of sub-pixels (R, G, B) constituting a pixel group; a plurality of first gate lines (Gate1) located at first row gaps between the pixel groups, two first gate lines (Gate1) being arranged at each first row gap; and a plurality of photosensors (101), the orthographic projection of each row of photosensors (101) on the base substrate (100) completely covering a second row gap in the pixel group and partially overlapping with the orthographic projections of the sub-pixels (R, G, B), thereby avoiding the bright and dark difference between adjacent rows and ensuring the aperture ratio.