RS Coil Shielding for EPR Thermal Decoupling

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing EPR apparatuses equipped with Rapid Scan (RS) coils face limitations such as inadequate thermal and magnetic decoupling from the main magnet, heat management issues, acoustic noise, high operating voltage management, and poor field homogeneity over the sample volume, leading to suboptimal performance and user discomfort.

Innovation Solution

The design of an RS coil assembly with thermally and magnetically decoupled coil devices, featuring a coil support with integrated cooling chambers, non-magnetic electrically conducting shielding plates, and a multichamber actively cooled topology to minimize impedance and maximize field homogeneity, along with specific winding patterns and materials for efficient heat management and reduced acoustic noise.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If RS coils are placed close to the main magnet to improve field homogeneity, then field homogeneity improves, but thermal coupling and magnetic interference from Eddy currents worsen

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefield homogeneityVSAvoidthermal coupling and magnetic interference
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

A non-magnetic, electrically conductive shielding plate is introduced as an intermediary component between the RS coil and the main magnet pole piece. This shielding plate prevents direct thermal and magnetic coupling while allowing the coil to operate close to the magnet for field homogeneity. The shielding plate is actively cooled through integrated cooling channels to dissipate heat generated by Eddy currents.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The coil assembly is segmented into distinct functional components: the RS coil winding, the non-magnetic shielding plate, and the cooling system. This segmentation allows each component to perform its specific function independently - the coil generates the magnetic field, the shielding plate blocks thermal and magnetic interference, and the cooling system manages heat dissipation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Measurement precision

If high microwave power is used to increase signal amplitude, then sensitivity improves, but heat generation in the resonator worsens

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovesensitivityVSAvoidheat generation
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

A liquid cooling system with cooling channels is integrated into the resonator structure to actively remove heat generated during high-power microwave operation. The cooling fluid circulates through these channels to dissipate thermal energy, enabling sustained high-power operation without excessive temperature rise that would degrade measurement precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #29Pneumatics and hydraulics

3Volume of moving object

If the coil device is made compact to fit in the magnet air gap, then space utilization improves, but heat dissipation capability worsens

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecoil device sizeVSAvoidheat dissipation
Core Design Contradiction:
Volume of moving objectVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The cooling system utilizes the vertical dimension by integrating cooling channels within the shielding plate structure, allowing heat dissipation pathways to extend in the z-direction rather than requiring increased lateral footprint. This enables effective heat management within the constrained horizontal space of the magnet air gap.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration ensures stable and homogeneous magnetic fields, effective heat dissipation, reduced acoustic noise, and optimized mechanical integration, enhancing the sensitivity and accuracy of RS EPR measurements while maintaining compactness and efficiency.

Implementation Method 1

The coil support comprises integrated cooling chambers which are connected to cooling liquid supply channels

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat transfer: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 2

cooling liquid supply channels

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectConvection cooling: Convection

Implementation Method 3

a coil field shielding means comprising an electrically conducting, non-magnetic, shielding plate which is mounted laterally onto the coil support means, between the coil winding(s) and the corresponding pole piece of the main field magnet

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic shielding: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 4

RS coils must be able to deliver a magnetic field with the following performances: Maximum amplitude in the range of 200G peak-to-peak

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic field generation: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 5

the field of the main magnet (producing the B0 field) must be stable in time and highly homogeneous spatially in the vicinity of the sample

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectron Paramagnetic Resonance: Electron Paramagnetic Resonance

Data Source

PatentEP3764116B1EPR apparatus equipped with specific RS coils and corresponding coil devices
Publication Date: 2022.05.18 BRUKER FRANCE S AS
  • EP3764116B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3764116B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3764116B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

This invention concerns an Electron Paramagnetic Resonance apparatus (9), such as an EPR spectrometer or an EPR imager, mainly comprising a main field magnet (10) with two opposed pole pieces (11) defining an airgap between them, an RS coil assembly (1') comprising two opposed RS coil devices (1) having each at least one coil winding, a microwave resonator (12) coupled with a microwave guide (14), a sample holder, holding the sample (13) to be analyzed, as well as a current source (1") adapted to be used as a coil driver. EPR apparatus (9) characterized in that each of the two opposed RS coil devices (1) comprises: i) a coil support means having a plate like body and comprising recesses designed to accommodate the at least one coil winding and at least one cooling chamber volume which is connected to cooling liquid supply channels (7), and ii) an RF shielding means comprising an electrically conducting, non-magnetic, shielding plate which is mounted laterally onto the coil support means, between the coil winding(s) and the corresponding pole piece (11) of the main field magnet (10), and contacts said cooling chamber volume.