Roadside Unit Message Relay via Supervisory Service
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional wireless communication standards, such as IPv6 Neighbor Discovery (ND), are unable to effectively relay messages between fast-moving vehicles in vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications, leading to low chances of successful message delivery due to line-of-sight limitations and the inability to determine message receipt by destination vehicles.
Innovation Solution
Implementing a supervisory service that validates registration messages from vehicles without registering their MAC addresses and uses machine learning to select and control roadside units (RSUs) for re-broadcasting messages, ensuring message delivery even when vehicles are not in direct line of sight by adapting IPv6 over Low-Power Wireless Personal Area Networks (6LoWPAN) for ND proxy operations.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional wireless communication standards (IPv6 ND) are used for V2V and V2I communications, then message broadcast capability is provided, but message delivery reliability deteriorates due to line-of-sight limitations and inability to relay messages between fast-moving vehicles
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces roadside units (RSUs) as intermediary devices to relay messages between vehicles. When a vehicle broadcasts a message, RSUs capture and re-broadcast the message to extend coverage beyond direct line-of-sight limitations, thereby improving message delivery reliability for fast-moving vehicles without requiring changes to the fundamental IPv6 ND protocol
Solution Approach 2:
The patent adds an infrastructure-mediated communication dimension to the traditional direct V2V communication model. By introducing RSUs that operate as intermediate relay points, the system creates a multi-hop communication path that overcomes the line-of-sight constraints of direct wireless communication between moving vehicles
2Ease of operation
If MAC address registration is implemented for vehicle registration, then message routing capability is improved, but system complexity and privacy concerns increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts only the essential routing capability from traditional MAC address registration by using pseudonymous identifiers instead of full MAC addresses. This allows the system to maintain message routing functionality while reducing privacy concerns and simplifying the registration process, as RSUs can route messages using these pseudonymous IDs without needing to store or process complete device identifiers
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the registration parameter from MAC address to pseudonymous identifier. This parameter transformation maintains the functional capability of message routing while reducing the complexity and privacy implications of traditional MAC address-based registration systems
3Area of stationary object
If all RSUs re-broadcast every captured message, then message delivery coverage is improved, but network traffic and energy consumption increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements partial re-broadcasting where RSUs selectively re-broadcast messages based on criteria such as message type, destination vehicle location, and current network conditions. This partial action approach maintains adequate message delivery coverage while avoiding the excessive energy consumption that would result from universal re-broadcasting of all captured messages
Data Source
AI summary
In one embodiment, a supervisory service receives a registration message broadcast by a first vehicle and captured by a RSU in the network of RSUs. The supervisory service registers the first vehicle by validating a signature of the registration message without registering a media access control (MAC) address of the first vehicle and without causing to send a registration response to the first vehicle. The supervisory service receives a message broadcast by a second vehicle addressed to the first vehicle and captured by at least one RSU in the network of RSUs. The supervisory service selects one or more RSUs in the network of RSUs to re-broadcast the message. The supervisory service controls the one or more RSUs to re-broadcast the message.