Round Trip Time Measurement via Segmented Wi-Fi Frames

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current satellite positioning systems face challenges in accurately determining the position of mobile devices in indoor environments due to limited satellite signal availability and inefficiencies in measuring round trip time (RTT) for range calculations.

Innovation Solution

The implementation of specific message flows and frame structures between wireless stations (STAs) enables accurate RTT measurements using fewer messages, allowing for position determination through RTT calculations between STAs, including mobile devices and local transceivers, even in indoor environments.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If traditional RTT measurement methods are used in indoor environments, then position determination can be performed, but measurement accuracy deteriorates due to signal reflections and multipath effects

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveRTT measurement accuracyVSAvoidsignal reflections and multipath effects
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the RTT measurement process into multiple discrete message exchanges (four distinct frames: RTT Request, RTT Ack, RTT Response, RTT Ack) with specific timestamp markers (t1, t2, t3, t4) at each stage. This segmentation allows for precise calculation of RTT by measuring time intervals between specific events, improving measurement accuracy despite indoor signal challenges

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements a feedback mechanism where each device echoes back its received timestamp to the other device. The first device sends t1 in the RTT Request frame, the second device receives it and sends t2 back in the RTT Ack frame, then the first device sends t3 and the second device sends t4 back. This feedback loop allows both devices to calculate RTT using the formula RTT = (t4 - t1) - (t3 - t2), compensating for processing delays and improving measurement accuracy

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Measurement precision

If more messages are used for RTT measurement, then measurement accuracy improves, but communication overhead and time consumption increase

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveRTT measurement accuracyVSAvoidmessage exchange time
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the RTT measurement function with existing Wi-Fi communication protocols (802.11). The RTT measurement is performed using standard Wi-Fi data frames (RTT Request, RTT Ack, RTT Response) that can be transmitted over existing wireless infrastructure. This merging allows RTT measurement to be performed without requiring separate dedicated measurement channels or additional infrastructure, reducing overall system complexity and deployment time

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Reliability

If satellite positioning systems are used for indoor positioning, then position determination is possible, but reliability deteriorates due to limited satellite signal availability

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveposition determination reliabilityVSAvoidlimited satellite signal availability
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses local transceivers positioned at known locations within the indoor environment as intermediary reference points. Instead of relying on distant satellite signals that penetrate poorly through buildings, the system uses nearby transceivers that communicate directly with mobile devices via Wi-Fi. The RTT measurements are performed between mobile devices and these local transceivers, with the server calculating positions based on the measured distances and known transceiver locations, thereby achieving reliable indoor positioning

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Data Source

PatentEP2929365B1Methods and systems for enhanced round trip time (RTT) exchange
Publication Date: 2018.10.31 QUALCOMM INC
  • EP2929365B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2929365B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2929365B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Disclosed are systems, methods and devices for obtaining round trip time measurements for use in location based services. In particular implementations, a fine timing measurement request message wirelessly transmitted by a first transceiver device to a second transceiver device may permit additional processing features in computing or applying a signal round trip time measurement. Such a signal round trip time measurement may be used in positioning operations.