Diphenylguanidine-Free Rubber Compositions with Glycerol Esters
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing rubber mixtures containing diphenylguanidine face challenges such as aniline emissions and unfavorable processing properties, particularly in non-polar rubbers, which affect scorch time, abrasion, and material properties.
Innovation Solution
The development of rubber mixtures with a maximum of 1 phr diphenylguanidine, incorporating short-chain alkyl esters of glycerol and 1,6-bis(N,N-dibenzylthiocarbamoyldithio)hexane, along with silica-based fillers and/or carbon black, to improve scorch times, abrasion resistance, and reduce aniline emissions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of time
If diphenylguanidine is used as a secondary accelerator in rubber compounds, then scorch time and vulcanization time can be regulated, but aniline emissions occur and processing properties deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes diphenylguanidine (the harmful component causing aniline emissions) from the rubber compound formulation while maintaining its functional benefits through alternative accelerator systems. The invention extracts the problematic substance while preserving the desired scorch time regulation through other means.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces alternative accelerator systems that act as intermediaries to achieve the scorch time regulation function previously provided by diphenylguanidine. These substitute accelerators mediate the vulcanization process without generating aniline emissions, thus transferring the harmful function to a benign alternative.
2Loss of time
If diphenylguanidine is used to regulate vulcanization time, then induction period can be adjusted, but processing properties and abrasion resistance worsen
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts diphenylguanidine from the formulation to eliminate its negative impact on processing properties and abrasion resistance, while using alternative accelerator combinations to achieve the same induction period control without the harmful side effects.
3Productivity
If diphenylguanidine is used in rubber compounds, then vulcanization speed can be controlled, but material properties deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs alternative accelerator systems as intermediaries to control vulcanization speed without compromising material properties. These substitute accelerators mediate the crosslinking reaction to achieve desired productivity while preserving or improving tensile strength, elongation, and abrasion resistance.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The resulting rubber mixtures exhibit excellent scorch times, improved abrasion values, and enhanced mechanical properties like Shore A hardness and tensile strength, while minimizing aniline release and reducing rolling resistance, thus improving fuel efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
They interact with the silanol groups, reducing filler interactions and viscosity
Implementation Method 2
1,6-bis(N,N-dibenzylthiocarbamoyldithio)hexane (CAS No.: 151900-44-6)
Implementation Method 3
the vulcanization process, in particular in the form of tires, parts of tires or technical rubber articles
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to substantially diphenylguanidine-free rubber mixtures, each of which contains at least one rubber, a silicic acid-based filler and/or carbon black, and short-chain alkyl esters of glycerin, the production and use of said rubber mixtures, and vulcanized products obtainable therefrom.