Rubus Coreanus Extract Binds PD-L1 to Activate T Cells
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional cancer treatments, such as radiation therapy and chemotherapy, cause significant side effects due to their non-selective impact on both cancer and normal cells, while targeted anti-cancer agents face challenges with resistance and immune evasion by cancer cells, necessitating the development of more effective and less harmful therapies.
Innovation Solution
A composition utilizing Rubus coreanus extract that binds to PD-L1 on cancer cells, blocking interaction with PD-1 on T cells, thereby activating T cells and inhibiting tumor proliferation, and showing synergistic effects when co-administered with anti-cancer agents, particularly in humanized PD-1 animal models.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If radiation therapy and chemotherapy are used to treat cancer, then tumor size is reduced and cancer cell death is induced, but normal cells are also damaged leading to serious side effects
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by targeting a specific protein (PD-L1) on cancer cells rather than treating all cells uniformly. The Rubus coreanus extract selectively binds to PD-L1, which is locally expressed on cancer cell surfaces, thereby activating T cells to attack only cancer cells while sparing normal cells, thus reducing side effects while maintaining treatment effectiveness
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses an intermediary mechanism where the Rubus coreanus extract acts as a bridge between T cells and cancer cells. By binding to PD-L1 on cancer cells, the extract serves as a mediator that triggers T cell activation and directed attack against cancer cells, enabling selective cancer treatment without directly damaging normal cells
2Object-affected harmful factors
If targeted anti-cancer agents are used to selectively attack cancer cells, then side effects are reduced, but cancer cells can develop resistance through immune evasion mutations
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies self-service by utilizing the body's own immune system (T cells) to fight cancer. The Rubus coreanus extract activates endogenous T cells to recognize and attack cancer cells through PD-L1 binding, making the immune system self-sufficient and continuous in its anti-cancer action, thereby overcoming resistance mechanisms that plague external targeted therapies
Solution Approach 2:
The patent ensures continuity of useful action by activating T cells that can continuously recognize and attack cancer cells expressing PD-L1. Unlike targeted agents that may be circumvented by mutations, the activated immune system maintains continuous surveillance and attack capability, preventing cancer cell escape and recurrence
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The Rubus coreanus extract composition effectively inhibits tumor proliferation, demonstrating excellent anti-tumor immune activity and reducing tumor size and weight in animal models, with minimal cytotoxicity and enhanced efficacy when combined with existing anti-cancer agents.
Implementation Method 1
The Rubus coreanus extract binds to PD-L1 present on the surface of cancer cells, thus blocking the interaction between cancer cells and PD-1 on the surface of T cells
Data Source
AI summary
A composition for inhibiting proliferation of tumor comprising Rubus coreanus extract as effective component. It was found that the Rubus coreanus extract binds to PD-L1 present on the surface of cancer cells, thus blocking the interaction between cancer cells and PD-1 on the surface of T cells to activate T cells and exhibit an inhibitory effect on tumor proliferation, and it was also found that the Rubus coreanus extract shows an excellent anti-tumor immune activity in humanized PD-1 animal model induced with MC38 colorectal cancer expressing human PD-L1 and also a synergistic effect when co-administered with anti-cancer agents.