SAA Reagent Kit Using Surfactant-Controlled HDL Dissociation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing fluorescence detection methods for serum amyloid A (SAA) face challenges due to its high hydrophobicity, leading to suppressed antigen-antibody reactions and reduced signal intensity, especially in low-concentration specimens, and deviation from control methods, which can cause misdiagnosis.
Innovation Solution
A reagent kit using first particles modified with a specific nonionic surfactant (HLB 17-20, molecular weight ≤1000) and a buffer pH-adjusted to 5.5-7.0 or 8.5-9.0 to promote SAA dissociation from HDL, combined with a substrate having metal films for enhanced antigen-antibody reactions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a nonionic surfactant is added to promote SAA dissociation from HDL, then the antigenic determinant is exposed and antibody binding is enabled, but the antigen-antibody reaction is strongly suppressed and signal intensity is significantly reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by carefully controlling the type and concentration of nonionic surfactant used. Specifically, it employs surfactants with HLB values of 12-16 (narrower range than prior art) and concentrations of 0.01-5% by mass (optimized range), which allows sufficient dissociation of SAA from HDL to expose the antigenic determinant while minimizing suppression of the antigen-antibody reaction and maintaining adequate signal intensity.
2Productivity
If conventional fluorescence detection method is used, then the measurement is simple and rapid, but the signal-to-noise ratio is insufficient for low-concentration specimens
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs composite materials by combining fluorescent particles with metal particles to create dual-functional detection particles. The fluorescent component provides rapid detection signal, while the metal component (gold, silver, or aluminum) enhances the signal-to-noise ratio through surface plasmon resonance effects, enabling both simple rapid measurement and high sensitivity for low-concentration specimens.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables simple, rapid, and accurate immunological measurement of SAA with reduced specimen deviation, improving signal intensity and reducing misdiagnosis risks.
Implementation Method 1
at least one nonionic surfactant having an HLB value of 17 to 20... promote SAA dissociation from HDL
Implementation Method 2
a method of using an effect of enhancing the electric field by plasmon resonance in order to improve the sensitivity... surface plasmon is generated in the metal layer by the irradiation with the excitation light, and fluorescence is enhanced due to the effect of enhancing the electric field
Implementation Method 3
a method of confirming the presence of a detection target substance by irradiating a sample considered to contain the detection target substance, which is excited by light having a specific wavelength and emits fluorescence, with excitation light having the specific wavelength and detecting the fluorescence during the irradiation
Data Source
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AI summary
An object of the present invention is to provide a reagent kit, a measurement kit, and a measurement method for measuring serum amyloid A, which enable simple and rapid measurement of serum amyloid A by promoting dissociation of the serum amyloid A from HDL and carrying out an antigen-antibody reaction. According to the present invention, provided is a reagent kit for measuring serum amyloid A, including first particles having a label and modified with a first binding substance having a property of specifically binding to serum amyloid A, at least one nonionic surfactant having an HLB value of 17 to 20, which is defined by (inorganicity value/organicity value) × 10, and a molecular weight of 1000 or less, and a buffer capable of adjusting a pH of a reaction solution to be in a range of 5.5 to 7.0 or a range of 8.5 to 9.0.