Nonionic Surfactant Reagent Kit for SAA Measurement
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for measuring serum amyloid A (SAA) face challenges in accuracy and sensitivity due to its association with high-density lipoprotein (HDL), requiring pretreatments like hydrophilic alcohols which are hazardous and complex antibody purification processes.
Innovation Solution
A reagent kit using particles labeled with a binding substance specific to SAA and a nonionic surfactant with a molecular weight of 1000 or less, such as glucamine-based compounds, to dissociate SAA from HDL, enabling accurate and sensitive immunological measurement without hazardous materials.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If hydrophilic alcohol is added as a diluent component to expose hidden antigenic determinant, then measurement sensitivity is improved, but safety deteriorates due to hazardous material classification
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces hazardous hydrophilic alcohol with nonionic surfactant that is safer and can be used in disposable test strips, eliminating the need for handling hazardous materials while maintaining the ability to expose hidden antigenic determinants on SAA
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the chemical parameter from hydrophilic alcohol to nonionic surfactant with specific molecular weight range (100-1000), achieving the same functional effect of exposing antigenic determinants while improving safety profile
2Measurement precision
If gel filtration purification is performed to obtain SAA fraction, then measurement accuracy is improved, but device complexity and operation difficulty increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts only the essential function of exposing antigenic determinants from the complex gel filtration process, achieving accurate measurement of SAA without requiring complex purification equipment or procedures
Solution Approach 2:
The nonionic surfactant acts as an intermediary substance that facilitates the exposure of hidden antigenic determinants on SAA, replacing the need for complex gel filtration purification while maintaining measurement accuracy
3Ease of operation
If SAA is measured while associated with HDL, then ease of operation is improved, but measurement precision deteriorates due to hidden antigenic determinant
Solution Approach 1:
The nonionic surfactant is incorporated into the test strip reagent in advance, performing the preliminary action of exposing hidden antigenic determinants on SAA before the actual measurement, allowing direct measurement without complex pretreatment while maintaining accuracy
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution allows for high accuracy and sensitivity in measuring SAA, overcoming the limitations of previous methods by using nonionic surfactants to effectively dissociate SAA from HDL, thereby improving measurement precision and safety.
Implementation Method 1
at least one nonionic surfactant having a molecular weight of 1000 or less
Data Source
AI summary
An object of the present invention is to provide a reagent kit, a measurement kit, and a measurement method for immunologically measuring serum amyloid A with high accuracy and high sensitivity without using an alcohol designated as a hazardous material on the fire protection law. According to the present invention, provided is a reagent kit for measuring serum amyloid A, including first particles having a label and modified with a first binding substance having a property of specifically binding to serum amyloid A, and at least one nonionic surfactant having a molecular weight of 1000 or less.