Safety Valve Venting for Precise H2 15O PET Injection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current systems for producing and injecting oxygen-15 (15O) for PET scans face challenges due to its short half-life, requiring precise timing and manual handling, which poses risks to patients and medical personnel from accidental infusion of radioactive gas and exposure to radiation.
Innovation Solution
A safety valve system with overflow recesses is introduced to prevent pressurized fluid from entering unintended valve openings, ensuring safe operation by venting excess fluid and preventing radioactive gas from reaching the patient, combined with a system for precise preparation and injection of H2 15O in a saline solution.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If precise timing is implemented for radioisotope administration, then injection precision is improved, but system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system incorporates a control unit that receives input signals and provides feedback control for the injection process. The control unit monitors injection progress, adjusts pump speed, and ensures precise timing based on real-time system state, achieving accurate radioisotope administration without requiring overly complex manual coordination
Solution Approach 2:
The control unit performs multiple functions: it controls the injection pump, monitors timing, adjusts flow rates, and coordinates with the syringe loading mechanism. This multi-functional approach consolidates what would otherwise require multiple separate complex systems into a single integrated control unit, reducing overall system complexity while maintaining precision
2Object-affected harmful factors
If safety valves with overflow recesses are used to prevent gas infusion, then patient safety is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The safety valve incorporates overflow recesses that automatically vent excess fluid or gas without requiring external intervention. When pressure exceeds safe levels, the overflow recesses self-activate to release the excess, providing passive safety protection that does not add complex active control mechanisms to the valve
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system enhances safety by preventing accidental infusion of radioactive gas and reduces radiation exposure for medical personnel, allowing for precise and continuous administration of H2 15O, improving the efficiency and safety of PET scan procedures.
Implementation Method 1
the overflow recesses ensures that no fluid will travel from the at least two valve openings connected by the flow channel to the at least one valve opening that is not in connection with the flow channel, when the assembled valve is arranged in the at least two different open configurations, since the fluid will be vented through the overflow recesses and away from the valve
Implementation Method 2
a cyclotron, which produces a target gas. The cyclotron target gas is transferred into a HotCell residing in a qualified laboratory environment, wherein it is converted from 15N to H2 15O
Implementation Method 3
The gas passing on one side of a semi-permeable membrane and saline passing on the other side
Implementation Method 4
Immediately before the patient a sterile filter made of a similar material as the first semi-permeable membrane will be located. The sterile filter will gas-lock in the event that any gas passes through the first membrane
Implementation Method 5
Through the emission of positrons from radioisotopes, PET permits imaging and measuring of physiological processes within the human body
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2A~2G
Figure 3A~3B
AI summary
A system for safe radioisotope preparation and injection of H2 15O for use in Positron Emission Tomography (PET). The invention also relates to a safety valve for controlling a flow of H215O for use in PET, to a use of said safety valve and to a method for preparing and injecting H2 15O.