Semi-Active Laser Beacon Emulating Designator Signatures
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current testing methods for Semi-Active Laser (SAL) receivers are logistically complex and costly, requiring operational SAL designators that are safety concerns and have limited operational time, making it difficult to conduct robust and continuous testing of guided munitions and SAL receivers under various scenarios.
Innovation Solution
A field-portable SAL beacon that emulates the signature of a SAL designator beam, capable of extended continuous operation and is eye-safe, using a laser assembly with a modulator and diffuser to produce a pulsed non-coherent beam, along with a thermal regulation system to maintain laser stability, allowing for precise spot formation over varying distances.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If an operational SAL designator is used for testing, then the SAL receiver can be tested under realistic conditions, but the test becomes logistically complex and unsafe due to eye safety concerns
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a simplified copy of the operational SAL designator's function using an IR LED that emulates the laser spot signature without the harmful effects. The copy includes the same modulation characteristics and spectral properties but uses safe infrared wavelengths, allowing realistic testing without eye safety hazards
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the expensive, logistically complex operational SAL designator with a simple, inexpensive IR LED assembly that can be easily deployed and replaced. This disposable-like approach eliminates the need for complex safety protocols and logistical support while maintaining testing effectiveness
2Reliability
If an operational SAL designator is used for testing, then realistic test scenarios can be achieved, but the operational time is limited and costs are high
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs inexpensive IR LED components that have no operational lifetime limitations comparable to operational designators. These can be continuously operated without the time constraints of military-grade laser systems, enabling extended testing sessions and statistical analysis over prolonged periods
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a multi-functional testing system that can simulate various laser designator scenarios using a single IR LED platform. By modifying modulation parameters and optical configuration, the same basic system can emulate different laser characteristics, eliminating the need for multiple specialized equipment pieces
3Ease of manufacture
If a simple LED wand is used for initial testing, then the detector response can be verified, but the test is limited in power and duration
Solution Approach 1:
The patent systematically varies key parameters including modulation frequency, pulse width, optical power, and spot size to create a comprehensive test matrix. This parametric approach allows the simple IR LED system to simulate the full range of operational conditions that would otherwise require complex equipment, enabling thorough testing without increasing system complexity
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables cost-effective and safe 'captive' flight tests of munitions and SAL receivers, reducing logistical complications and enabling prolonged testing without the need for operational SAL designators, thus improving the testing efficiency and safety.
Implementation Method 1
a laser that emits a coherent beam in the infrared (IR) spectrum
Implementation Method 2
a modulator that modulates the coherent beam to produce a pulsed coherent beam
Implementation Method 3
A diffuser scatters the pulsed coherent beam to produce a pulsed non-coherent beam
Implementation Method 4
An optical assembly comprising a primary Fresnel lens and a secondary Fresnel lens collects and shapes the pulsed non-coherent beam to form a spot
Implementation Method 5
An environmental assembly in which the laser assembly is mounted on a heat sink and placed in a thermoelectric cooler regulates the temperature of the laser
Data Source
AI summary
A SAL beacon emulates the signature (e.g. spectral band, size and shape, power level and designation code) of a SAL designator beam reflected off a target. The SAL beacon is field-portable, capable of extended continuous operation and eye-safe. The SAL beacon enables “captive” flight tests of munitions and SAL receivers without the logistical complications of using an operational SAL designator.